Bidirectional Multimodal Prompt Learning with Scale-Aware Training for Few-Shot Multi-Class Anomaly Detection

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Lee, Yujin, Kim, Sewon, Moon, Daeun, Jang, Seoyoon, Yoon, Hyunsoo
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Lee, Yujin
Kim, Sewon
Moon, Daeun
Jang, Seoyoon
Yoon, Hyunsoo
author_facet Lee, Yujin
Kim, Sewon
Moon, Daeun
Jang, Seoyoon
Yoon, Hyunsoo
contents Few-shot multi-class anomaly detection is crucial in real industrial settings, where only a few normal samples are available while numerous object types must be inspected. This setting is challenging as defect patterns vary widely across categories while normal samples remain scarce. Existing vision-language model-based approaches typically depend on class-specific anomaly descriptions or auxiliary modules, limiting both scalability and computational efficiency. In this work, we propose AnoPLe, a lightweight multimodal prompt learning framework that removes reliance on anomaly-type textual descriptions and avoids any external modules. AnoPLe employs bidirectional interactions between textual and visual prompts, allowing class semantics and instance-level cues to refine one another and form class-conditioned representations that capture shared normal patterns across categories. To enhance localization, we design a scale-aware prefix trained on both global and local views, enabling the prompts to capture both global context and fine-grained details. In addition, alignment loss propagates local anomaly evidence to global features, strengthening the consistency between pixel- and image-level predictions. Despite its simplicity, AnoPLe achieves strong performance on MVTec-AD, VisA, and Real-IAD under the few-shot multi-class setting, surpassing prior approaches while remaining efficient and free from expert-crafted anomaly descriptions. Moreover, AnoPLe generalizes well to unseen anomalies and extends effectively to the medical domain.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_13516
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Bidirectional Multimodal Prompt Learning with Scale-Aware Training for Few-Shot Multi-Class Anomaly Detection
Lee, Yujin
Kim, Sewon
Moon, Daeun
Jang, Seoyoon
Yoon, Hyunsoo
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Few-shot multi-class anomaly detection is crucial in real industrial settings, where only a few normal samples are available while numerous object types must be inspected. This setting is challenging as defect patterns vary widely across categories while normal samples remain scarce. Existing vision-language model-based approaches typically depend on class-specific anomaly descriptions or auxiliary modules, limiting both scalability and computational efficiency. In this work, we propose AnoPLe, a lightweight multimodal prompt learning framework that removes reliance on anomaly-type textual descriptions and avoids any external modules. AnoPLe employs bidirectional interactions between textual and visual prompts, allowing class semantics and instance-level cues to refine one another and form class-conditioned representations that capture shared normal patterns across categories. To enhance localization, we design a scale-aware prefix trained on both global and local views, enabling the prompts to capture both global context and fine-grained details. In addition, alignment loss propagates local anomaly evidence to global features, strengthening the consistency between pixel- and image-level predictions. Despite its simplicity, AnoPLe achieves strong performance on MVTec-AD, VisA, and Real-IAD under the few-shot multi-class setting, surpassing prior approaches while remaining efficient and free from expert-crafted anomaly descriptions. Moreover, AnoPLe generalizes well to unseen anomalies and extends effectively to the medical domain.
title Bidirectional Multimodal Prompt Learning with Scale-Aware Training for Few-Shot Multi-Class Anomaly Detection
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.13516