g$δN$ formalism

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Hauptverfasser: Tanaka, Takahiro, Urakawa, Yuko
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2024
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author Tanaka, Takahiro
Urakawa, Yuko
author_facet Tanaka, Takahiro
Urakawa, Yuko
contents The $δN$ formalism has been the major computational tool to study the superhorizon evolution of the scalar type perturbation sourced by scalar fields. Recently, this formalism was generalized to compute an arbitrary scalar, vector, and tensor type perturbations, including the gravitational waves (GWs), sourced by an arbitrary bosonic fields. In this paper, we explain how to use the generalized $δN$ formalism (the g$δN$ formalism), considering a model with U(1) gauge fields as a concrete example. Several new findings on this model and prospects on future gravitational wave experiments are also discussed, including the condition for the two linear polarizations of GWs to have different amplitudes. This paper provides a detailed explanation of our previous paper published in Physical Review Letters. We also discuss the Weinberg's adiabatic mode for an anisotropic background, showing a qualitative difference from the one for the FLRW background.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_13673
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle g$δN$ formalism
Tanaka, Takahiro
Urakawa, Yuko
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Theory
The $δN$ formalism has been the major computational tool to study the superhorizon evolution of the scalar type perturbation sourced by scalar fields. Recently, this formalism was generalized to compute an arbitrary scalar, vector, and tensor type perturbations, including the gravitational waves (GWs), sourced by an arbitrary bosonic fields. In this paper, we explain how to use the generalized $δN$ formalism (the g$δN$ formalism), considering a model with U(1) gauge fields as a concrete example. Several new findings on this model and prospects on future gravitational wave experiments are also discussed, including the condition for the two linear polarizations of GWs to have different amplitudes. This paper provides a detailed explanation of our previous paper published in Physical Review Letters. We also discuss the Weinberg's adiabatic mode for an anisotropic background, showing a qualitative difference from the one for the FLRW background.
title g$δN$ formalism
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.13673