Optical and Radio Analysis of Systematically Classified Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility

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Main Authors: Srinivasaragavan, Gokul P., Yang, Sheng, Anand, Shreya, Sollerman, Jesper, Ho, Anna Y. Q., Corsi, Alessandra, Cenko, S. Bradley, Perley, Daniel, Schulze, Steve, Sanchez-Fleming, Marquice, Pope, Jack, Sarin, Nikhil, Omand, Conor, Das, Kaustav K., Fremling, Christoffer, Andreoni, Igor, Bruch, Rachel, Burdge, Kevin B., De, Kishalay, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Gangopadhyay, Anjasha, Graham, Matthew J., Jencson, Jacob E., Karambelkar, Viraj, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Kulkarni, S. R., Martikainen, Julia, Sharma, Yashvi S., Tzanidakis, Anastasios, Yan, Lin, Yao, Yuhan, Bellm, Eric C., Groom, Steven L., Masci, Frank J., Nir, Guy, Purdum, Josiah, Smith, Roger, Sravan, Niharika
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Srinivasaragavan, Gokul P.
Yang, Sheng
Anand, Shreya
Sollerman, Jesper
Ho, Anna Y. Q.
Corsi, Alessandra
Cenko, S. Bradley
Perley, Daniel
Schulze, Steve
Sanchez-Fleming, Marquice
Pope, Jack
Sarin, Nikhil
Omand, Conor
Das, Kaustav K.
Fremling, Christoffer
Andreoni, Igor
Bruch, Rachel
Burdge, Kevin B.
De, Kishalay
Gal-Yam, Avishay
Gangopadhyay, Anjasha
Graham, Matthew J.
Jencson, Jacob E.
Karambelkar, Viraj
Kasliwal, Mansi M.
Kulkarni, S. R.
Martikainen, Julia
Sharma, Yashvi S.
Tzanidakis, Anastasios
Yan, Lin
Yao, Yuhan
Bellm, Eric C.
Groom, Steven L.
Masci, Frank J.
Nir, Guy
Purdum, Josiah
Smith, Roger
Sravan, Niharika
author_facet Srinivasaragavan, Gokul P.
Yang, Sheng
Anand, Shreya
Sollerman, Jesper
Ho, Anna Y. Q.
Corsi, Alessandra
Cenko, S. Bradley
Perley, Daniel
Schulze, Steve
Sanchez-Fleming, Marquice
Pope, Jack
Sarin, Nikhil
Omand, Conor
Das, Kaustav K.
Fremling, Christoffer
Andreoni, Igor
Bruch, Rachel
Burdge, Kevin B.
De, Kishalay
Gal-Yam, Avishay
Gangopadhyay, Anjasha
Graham, Matthew J.
Jencson, Jacob E.
Karambelkar, Viraj
Kasliwal, Mansi M.
Kulkarni, S. R.
Martikainen, Julia
Sharma, Yashvi S.
Tzanidakis, Anastasios
Yan, Lin
Yao, Yuhan
Bellm, Eric C.
Groom, Steven L.
Masci, Frank J.
Nir, Guy
Purdum, Josiah
Smith, Roger
Sravan, Niharika
contents We study a magnitude-limited sample of 36 Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae (SNe Ic-BL) from the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey (detected between March 2018 and August 2021), which is the largest systematic study of SNe Ic-BL done in literature thus far. We present the light curves (LCs) for each of the SNe, and analyze the shape of the LCs to derive empirical parameters, along with the explosion epochs for every event. The sample has an average absolute peak magnitude in the r band of $M_r^{max}$ = -18.51 $\pm$ 0.15 mag. Using spectra obtained around peak light, we compute expansion velocities from the Fe II 5169 Angstrom line for each event with high enough signal-to-noise ratio spectra, and find an average value of $v_{ph}$ = 16,100 $\pm$ 1,100 km $s^{-1}$. We also compute bolometric LCs, study the blackbody temperature and radii evolution over time, and derive the explosion properties of the SNe. The explosion properties of the sample have average values of $M_{Ni}$ = $0.37_{-0.06}^{+0.08}$ solar masses, $M_{ej}$ = $2.45_{-0.41}^{+0.47}$ solar masses, and $E_K$= $4.02_{-1.00}^{+1.37} \times 10^{51}$ erg. Thirteen events have radio observations from the Very Large Array, with 8 detections and 5 non-detections. We find that the populations that have radio detections and radio non-detections are indistinct from one another with respect to their optically-inferred explosion properties, and there are no statistically significant correlations present between the events' radio luminosities and optically-inferred explosion properties. This provides evidence that the explosion properties derived from optical data alone cannot give inferences about the radio properties of SNe Ic-BL, and likely their relativistic jet formation mechanisms.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_14586
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Optical and Radio Analysis of Systematically Classified Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
Srinivasaragavan, Gokul P.
Yang, Sheng
Anand, Shreya
Sollerman, Jesper
Ho, Anna Y. Q.
Corsi, Alessandra
Cenko, S. Bradley
Perley, Daniel
Schulze, Steve
Sanchez-Fleming, Marquice
Pope, Jack
Sarin, Nikhil
Omand, Conor
Das, Kaustav K.
Fremling, Christoffer
Andreoni, Igor
Bruch, Rachel
Burdge, Kevin B.
De, Kishalay
Gal-Yam, Avishay
Gangopadhyay, Anjasha
Graham, Matthew J.
Jencson, Jacob E.
Karambelkar, Viraj
Kasliwal, Mansi M.
Kulkarni, S. R.
Martikainen, Julia
Sharma, Yashvi S.
Tzanidakis, Anastasios
Yan, Lin
Yao, Yuhan
Bellm, Eric C.
Groom, Steven L.
Masci, Frank J.
Nir, Guy
Purdum, Josiah
Smith, Roger
Sravan, Niharika
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
We study a magnitude-limited sample of 36 Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae (SNe Ic-BL) from the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey (detected between March 2018 and August 2021), which is the largest systematic study of SNe Ic-BL done in literature thus far. We present the light curves (LCs) for each of the SNe, and analyze the shape of the LCs to derive empirical parameters, along with the explosion epochs for every event. The sample has an average absolute peak magnitude in the r band of $M_r^{max}$ = -18.51 $\pm$ 0.15 mag. Using spectra obtained around peak light, we compute expansion velocities from the Fe II 5169 Angstrom line for each event with high enough signal-to-noise ratio spectra, and find an average value of $v_{ph}$ = 16,100 $\pm$ 1,100 km $s^{-1}$. We also compute bolometric LCs, study the blackbody temperature and radii evolution over time, and derive the explosion properties of the SNe. The explosion properties of the sample have average values of $M_{Ni}$ = $0.37_{-0.06}^{+0.08}$ solar masses, $M_{ej}$ = $2.45_{-0.41}^{+0.47}$ solar masses, and $E_K$= $4.02_{-1.00}^{+1.37} \times 10^{51}$ erg. Thirteen events have radio observations from the Very Large Array, with 8 detections and 5 non-detections. We find that the populations that have radio detections and radio non-detections are indistinct from one another with respect to their optically-inferred explosion properties, and there are no statistically significant correlations present between the events' radio luminosities and optically-inferred explosion properties. This provides evidence that the explosion properties derived from optical data alone cannot give inferences about the radio properties of SNe Ic-BL, and likely their relativistic jet formation mechanisms.
title Optical and Radio Analysis of Systematically Classified Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
topic High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.14586