From ferromagnetic semiconductor to anti-ferromagnetic metal in epitaxial Cr$_x$Te$_y$ monolayers
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Kushwaha, Naina Armitage, Olivia Edwards, Brendan Trzaska, Liam Bencok, Peter van der Laan, Gerrit Wahl, Peter King, Phil D. C. Rajan, Akhil |
| author_facet | Kushwaha, Naina Armitage, Olivia Edwards, Brendan Trzaska, Liam Bencok, Peter van der Laan, Gerrit Wahl, Peter King, Phil D. C. Rajan, Akhil |
| contents | Chromium ditelluride, CrTe$_2$, is an attractive candidate van der Waals material for hosting 2D magnetism. However, how the room-temperature ferromagnetism of the bulk evolves as the sample is thinned to the single-layer limit has proved controversial. This, in part, reflects its metastable nature, vs. a series of more stable self-intercalation compounds with higher relative Cr:Te stoichiometry. Here, exploiting a recently-developed method for enhancing nucleation in molecular beam epitaxy growth of transition-metal chalcogenides, we demonstrate the selective stabilisation of high-coverage CrTe$_2$ and Cr$_{2+\varepsilon}$Te$_3$ epitaxial monolayers. Combining X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, scanning tunnelling microscopy, and temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission, we demonstrate that both compounds order magnetically with a similar Tc. We find, however, that monolayer CrTe$_2$ forms as an anti-ferromagnetic metal, while monolayer Cr$_{2+\varepsilon}$Te$_3$ hosts an intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconducting state. This work thus demonstrates that control over the self-intercalation of metastable Cr-based chalcogenides provides a powerful route for tuning both their metallicity and magnetic structure, establishing the Cr-Te system as a flexible materials class for future 2D spintronics. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_00189 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | From ferromagnetic semiconductor to anti-ferromagnetic metal in epitaxial Cr$_x$Te$_y$ monolayers Kushwaha, Naina Armitage, Olivia Edwards, Brendan Trzaska, Liam Bencok, Peter van der Laan, Gerrit Wahl, Peter King, Phil D. C. Rajan, Akhil Materials Science Chromium ditelluride, CrTe$_2$, is an attractive candidate van der Waals material for hosting 2D magnetism. However, how the room-temperature ferromagnetism of the bulk evolves as the sample is thinned to the single-layer limit has proved controversial. This, in part, reflects its metastable nature, vs. a series of more stable self-intercalation compounds with higher relative Cr:Te stoichiometry. Here, exploiting a recently-developed method for enhancing nucleation in molecular beam epitaxy growth of transition-metal chalcogenides, we demonstrate the selective stabilisation of high-coverage CrTe$_2$ and Cr$_{2+\varepsilon}$Te$_3$ epitaxial monolayers. Combining X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, scanning tunnelling microscopy, and temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission, we demonstrate that both compounds order magnetically with a similar Tc. We find, however, that monolayer CrTe$_2$ forms as an anti-ferromagnetic metal, while monolayer Cr$_{2+\varepsilon}$Te$_3$ hosts an intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconducting state. This work thus demonstrates that control over the self-intercalation of metastable Cr-based chalcogenides provides a powerful route for tuning both their metallicity and magnetic structure, establishing the Cr-Te system as a flexible materials class for future 2D spintronics. |
| title | From ferromagnetic semiconductor to anti-ferromagnetic metal in epitaxial Cr$_x$Te$_y$ monolayers |
| topic | Materials Science |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.00189 |