Thermodynamic and energetic constraints on transition probabilities of small-scale quantum systems
Fuente:
arXiv
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2024
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1866910952333508608 |
|---|---|
| author | Tesser, Ludovico Acciai, Matteo Spånslätt, Christian Safi, Inès Splettstoesser, Janine |
| author_facet | Tesser, Ludovico Acciai, Matteo Spånslätt, Christian Safi, Inès Splettstoesser, Janine |
| contents | We study the transition probabilities of a two-point measurement on a quantum system, initially prepared in a thermal state. We find two independent constraints on the difference between transition probabilities when the system is prepared at different temperatures, which both turn out to be particularly restrictive when the measured quantum system is small. These bounds take the form of a thermodynamic and of an energetic constraint, as they are associated with the dissipated heat and with the absorbed energy required to increase or to reduce the temperature of the system. The derived constraints apply to arbitrary system Hamiltonians, including interactions or non-linear energy spectra. We show the relevance of these constraints for the special case where transitions are induced by energy or particle exchange in weakly coupled bipartite systems out of equilibrium. This example is of interest for a wide range of experimentally relevant systems, from molecular junctions to coupled cavities, and can be tested by, for instance, measuring the out-of-equilibrium tunneling current and its noise. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_00981 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Thermodynamic and energetic constraints on transition probabilities of small-scale quantum systems Tesser, Ludovico Acciai, Matteo Spånslätt, Christian Safi, Inès Splettstoesser, Janine Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Statistical Mechanics Quantum Physics We study the transition probabilities of a two-point measurement on a quantum system, initially prepared in a thermal state. We find two independent constraints on the difference between transition probabilities when the system is prepared at different temperatures, which both turn out to be particularly restrictive when the measured quantum system is small. These bounds take the form of a thermodynamic and of an energetic constraint, as they are associated with the dissipated heat and with the absorbed energy required to increase or to reduce the temperature of the system. The derived constraints apply to arbitrary system Hamiltonians, including interactions or non-linear energy spectra. We show the relevance of these constraints for the special case where transitions are induced by energy or particle exchange in weakly coupled bipartite systems out of equilibrium. This example is of interest for a wide range of experimentally relevant systems, from molecular junctions to coupled cavities, and can be tested by, for instance, measuring the out-of-equilibrium tunneling current and its noise. |
| title | Thermodynamic and energetic constraints on transition probabilities of small-scale quantum systems |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Statistical Mechanics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.00981 |