The Abundance and Properties of Barred Galaxies out to $z \sim$ 4 Using $\textit{JWST}$ CEERS Data
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2024
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| author | Guo, Yuchen Jogee, Shardha Wise, Eden Pritchett Jr., Keith McGrath, Elizabeth J. Finkelstein, Steven L. Iyer, Kartheik G. Haro, Pablo Arrabal Bagley, Micaela B. Dickinson, Mark Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Koekemoer, Anton M. Papovich, Casey Pirzkal, Nor Yung, L. Y. Aaron Backhaus, Bren E. Bell, Eric F. Bhatawdekar, Rachana Cheng, Yingjie Costantin, Luca de la Vega, Alexander Giavalisco, Mauro Hathi, Nimish P. Holwerda, Benne W. Kurczynski, Peter Lucas, Ray A. Mobasher, Bahram Pérez-González, Pablo G. Pacucci, Fabio |
| author_facet | Guo, Yuchen Jogee, Shardha Wise, Eden Pritchett Jr., Keith McGrath, Elizabeth J. Finkelstein, Steven L. Iyer, Kartheik G. Haro, Pablo Arrabal Bagley, Micaela B. Dickinson, Mark Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Koekemoer, Anton M. Papovich, Casey Pirzkal, Nor Yung, L. Y. Aaron Backhaus, Bren E. Bell, Eric F. Bhatawdekar, Rachana Cheng, Yingjie Costantin, Luca de la Vega, Alexander Giavalisco, Mauro Hathi, Nimish P. Holwerda, Benne W. Kurczynski, Peter Lucas, Ray A. Mobasher, Bahram Pérez-González, Pablo G. Pacucci, Fabio |
| contents | We present the first estimate of the observed fraction and properties of bars out to $ z\sim4$ using $\textit{JWST}$ CEERS NIRCam images. We analyze 1770 galaxies with $M_\star > 10^{10} M_\odot$ at $0.5 \leq z \leq 4$ and identify barred galaxies from 839 moderately inclined disk galaxies via ellipse fits and visual classification of both F200W and F444W images. Our results apply mainly to bars with projected semi-major axis $a_{\rm bar}$ $> 1.5 $ kpc ($\sim$ 2 $\times$ PSF in F200W images) that can be robustly traced by ellipse fits. For such bars, the observed bar fraction at $z\sim$ 2-4 is low ($\lesssim 10\%$), and they appear to be emerging at least as early as $z\sim 4$. Our observed bar fraction is consistent with the bar fraction predicted by TNG50 simulations for large bars with $a_{\rm bar}$ $> 1.5$ kpc at $z \sim$ 0.5-4 and with the bar fraction from Auriga simulations out to $z \sim$ 1.5. However, TNG50 simulations predict a large population of smaller bars that our data cannot robustly detect. If such bars exist, the true bar fraction at $z \sim$ 2-4 may be significantly higher than our results. At $z \ge 1.5$, many barred galaxies show nearby neighbors, suggesting bars may be tidally triggered. From $z \sim$ 4-0.5, the observed bar fraction, average projected bar length, and projected bar strength rise. Our results highlight the early emergence and evolution of barred galaxies and the rising importance of bar-driven secular evolution from $z \sim$4 to today. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_06100 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Abundance and Properties of Barred Galaxies out to $z \sim$ 4 Using $\textit{JWST}$ CEERS Data Guo, Yuchen Jogee, Shardha Wise, Eden Pritchett Jr., Keith McGrath, Elizabeth J. Finkelstein, Steven L. Iyer, Kartheik G. Haro, Pablo Arrabal Bagley, Micaela B. Dickinson, Mark Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Koekemoer, Anton M. Papovich, Casey Pirzkal, Nor Yung, L. Y. Aaron Backhaus, Bren E. Bell, Eric F. Bhatawdekar, Rachana Cheng, Yingjie Costantin, Luca de la Vega, Alexander Giavalisco, Mauro Hathi, Nimish P. Holwerda, Benne W. Kurczynski, Peter Lucas, Ray A. Mobasher, Bahram Pérez-González, Pablo G. Pacucci, Fabio Astrophysics of Galaxies We present the first estimate of the observed fraction and properties of bars out to $ z\sim4$ using $\textit{JWST}$ CEERS NIRCam images. We analyze 1770 galaxies with $M_\star > 10^{10} M_\odot$ at $0.5 \leq z \leq 4$ and identify barred galaxies from 839 moderately inclined disk galaxies via ellipse fits and visual classification of both F200W and F444W images. Our results apply mainly to bars with projected semi-major axis $a_{\rm bar}$ $> 1.5 $ kpc ($\sim$ 2 $\times$ PSF in F200W images) that can be robustly traced by ellipse fits. For such bars, the observed bar fraction at $z\sim$ 2-4 is low ($\lesssim 10\%$), and they appear to be emerging at least as early as $z\sim 4$. Our observed bar fraction is consistent with the bar fraction predicted by TNG50 simulations for large bars with $a_{\rm bar}$ $> 1.5$ kpc at $z \sim$ 0.5-4 and with the bar fraction from Auriga simulations out to $z \sim$ 1.5. However, TNG50 simulations predict a large population of smaller bars that our data cannot robustly detect. If such bars exist, the true bar fraction at $z \sim$ 2-4 may be significantly higher than our results. At $z \ge 1.5$, many barred galaxies show nearby neighbors, suggesting bars may be tidally triggered. From $z \sim$ 4-0.5, the observed bar fraction, average projected bar length, and projected bar strength rise. Our results highlight the early emergence and evolution of barred galaxies and the rising importance of bar-driven secular evolution from $z \sim$4 to today. |
| title | The Abundance and Properties of Barred Galaxies out to $z \sim$ 4 Using $\textit{JWST}$ CEERS Data |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.06100 |