The HD 191939 Exoplanet System is Well-Aligned and Flat
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Lubin, Jack Petigura, Erik A. Van Zandt, Judah Beard, Corey Dai, Fei Halverson, Samuel Holcomb, Rae Howard, Andrew W. Isaacson, Howard Luhn, Jacob Robertson, Paul Rubenzahl, Ryan A. Stefansson, Gudmundur Winn, Joshua N. Brodheim, Max Deich, William Hill, Grant M. Gibson, Steven R. Holden, Bradford Householder, Aaron Laher, Russ R. Lanclos, Kyle Payne, Joel Roy, Arpita Smith, Roger Shaum, Abby P. Schwab, Christian Walawender, Josh |
| author_facet | Lubin, Jack Petigura, Erik A. Van Zandt, Judah Beard, Corey Dai, Fei Halverson, Samuel Holcomb, Rae Howard, Andrew W. Isaacson, Howard Luhn, Jacob Robertson, Paul Rubenzahl, Ryan A. Stefansson, Gudmundur Winn, Joshua N. Brodheim, Max Deich, William Hill, Grant M. Gibson, Steven R. Holden, Bradford Householder, Aaron Laher, Russ R. Lanclos, Kyle Payne, Joel Roy, Arpita Smith, Roger Shaum, Abby P. Schwab, Christian Walawender, Josh |
| contents | We report the sky-projected spin-orbit angle $λ$ for HD 191939 b, the innermost planet in a 6 planet system, using Keck/KPF to detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect. Planet b is a sub-Neptune with radius 3.4 $\pm$ 0.8 R$_{\oplus}$ and mass 10.0 $\pm$ 0.7 M$_{\oplus}$ with an RM amplitude $<$1 ms$^{-1}$. We find the planet is consistent with a well-aligned orbit, measuring $λ= \, $ 3.7 $\pm$ 5.0 degrees. Additionally, we place new constraints on the mass and period of the distant super-Jupiter, planet f, finding it to be 2.88 $\pm$ 0.26 $M_J$ on a 2898 $\pm$ 152 day orbit. With these new orbital parameters, we perform a dynamical analysis of the system and constrain the mutual inclination of the non-transiting planet e to be smaller than 12 degrees relative to the plane shared by the inner three transiting planets. Additionally, the further planet f is inclined off this shared plane, the greater the amplitude of precession for the entire inner system, making it increasingly unlikely to measure an aligned orbit for planet b. Through this analysis, we show that this system's wide variety of planets are all well-aligned with the star and nearly co-planar, suggesting that the system formed dynamically cold and flat out of a well-aligned proto-planetary disk, similar to our own solar system. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_06795 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The HD 191939 Exoplanet System is Well-Aligned and Flat Lubin, Jack Petigura, Erik A. Van Zandt, Judah Beard, Corey Dai, Fei Halverson, Samuel Holcomb, Rae Howard, Andrew W. Isaacson, Howard Luhn, Jacob Robertson, Paul Rubenzahl, Ryan A. Stefansson, Gudmundur Winn, Joshua N. Brodheim, Max Deich, William Hill, Grant M. Gibson, Steven R. Holden, Bradford Householder, Aaron Laher, Russ R. Lanclos, Kyle Payne, Joel Roy, Arpita Smith, Roger Shaum, Abby P. Schwab, Christian Walawender, Josh Earth and Planetary Astrophysics We report the sky-projected spin-orbit angle $λ$ for HD 191939 b, the innermost planet in a 6 planet system, using Keck/KPF to detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect. Planet b is a sub-Neptune with radius 3.4 $\pm$ 0.8 R$_{\oplus}$ and mass 10.0 $\pm$ 0.7 M$_{\oplus}$ with an RM amplitude $<$1 ms$^{-1}$. We find the planet is consistent with a well-aligned orbit, measuring $λ= \, $ 3.7 $\pm$ 5.0 degrees. Additionally, we place new constraints on the mass and period of the distant super-Jupiter, planet f, finding it to be 2.88 $\pm$ 0.26 $M_J$ on a 2898 $\pm$ 152 day orbit. With these new orbital parameters, we perform a dynamical analysis of the system and constrain the mutual inclination of the non-transiting planet e to be smaller than 12 degrees relative to the plane shared by the inner three transiting planets. Additionally, the further planet f is inclined off this shared plane, the greater the amplitude of precession for the entire inner system, making it increasingly unlikely to measure an aligned orbit for planet b. Through this analysis, we show that this system's wide variety of planets are all well-aligned with the star and nearly co-planar, suggesting that the system formed dynamically cold and flat out of a well-aligned proto-planetary disk, similar to our own solar system. |
| title | The HD 191939 Exoplanet System is Well-Aligned and Flat |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.06795 |