The infrared luminosity of retired and post-starburst galaxies: A cautionary tale for star formation rate measurements
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866915095376822272 |
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| author | Wild, Vivienne Asari, Natalia Vale Rowlands, Kate Ellison, Sara L. Leung, Ho-Hin Tremonti, Christy |
| author_facet | Wild, Vivienne Asari, Natalia Vale Rowlands, Kate Ellison, Sara L. Leung, Ho-Hin Tremonti, Christy |
| contents | In galaxies with significant ongoing star formation there is an impressively tight correlation between total infrared luminosity (L$_{TIR}$) and H$α$ luminosity (L$_{Hα}$), when H$α$ is properly corrected for stellar absorption and dust attenuation. This long-standing result gives confidence that both measurements provide accurate estimates of a galaxy's star formation rate (SFR), despite their differing origins. To test the extent to which this holds in galaxies with lower specific SFR (sSFR=SFR/M$_{gal}$), we combine optical spectroscopy from the SDSS with multi-wavelength (FUV to FIR) photometric observations from GAMA. We find that L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$ increases steadily with decreasing H$α$ equivalent width (W$_{Hα}$, a proxy for sSFR), indicating that both luminosities cannot provide a valid measurement of SFR in galaxies below the canonical star-forming sequence. For both `retired galaxies' and `post-starburst galaxies', L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$ can be up to a factor of 30 larger than for star-forming galaxies. The smooth change in L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$, irrespective of star formation history, ionisation or heating source, dust temperature or other properties, suggests that the value of L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$ is determined by the balance between star-forming regions and ambient interstellar medium contributing to both L$_{TIR}$ and H$α$. It is not a result of the differing timescales of star formation that these luminosities probe. While L$_{Hα}$ can only be used to estimate the SFR for galaxies with $W_{Hα}$ > 3A (sSFR $\gtrsim 10^{-11.5}$/yr), we argue that the mid- and far-infrared can only be used to estimate the SFR of galaxies on the star-forming sequence with W$_{Hα}$ >10A (sSFR $\gtrsim 10^{-10.5}$/yr). We find no evidence for dust obscured star-formation in local post-starburst galaxies. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_08672 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The infrared luminosity of retired and post-starburst galaxies: A cautionary tale for star formation rate measurements Wild, Vivienne Asari, Natalia Vale Rowlands, Kate Ellison, Sara L. Leung, Ho-Hin Tremonti, Christy Astrophysics of Galaxies In galaxies with significant ongoing star formation there is an impressively tight correlation between total infrared luminosity (L$_{TIR}$) and H$α$ luminosity (L$_{Hα}$), when H$α$ is properly corrected for stellar absorption and dust attenuation. This long-standing result gives confidence that both measurements provide accurate estimates of a galaxy's star formation rate (SFR), despite their differing origins. To test the extent to which this holds in galaxies with lower specific SFR (sSFR=SFR/M$_{gal}$), we combine optical spectroscopy from the SDSS with multi-wavelength (FUV to FIR) photometric observations from GAMA. We find that L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$ increases steadily with decreasing H$α$ equivalent width (W$_{Hα}$, a proxy for sSFR), indicating that both luminosities cannot provide a valid measurement of SFR in galaxies below the canonical star-forming sequence. For both `retired galaxies' and `post-starburst galaxies', L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$ can be up to a factor of 30 larger than for star-forming galaxies. The smooth change in L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$, irrespective of star formation history, ionisation or heating source, dust temperature or other properties, suggests that the value of L$_{TIR}$/L$_{Hα}$ is determined by the balance between star-forming regions and ambient interstellar medium contributing to both L$_{TIR}$ and H$α$. It is not a result of the differing timescales of star formation that these luminosities probe. While L$_{Hα}$ can only be used to estimate the SFR for galaxies with $W_{Hα}$ > 3A (sSFR $\gtrsim 10^{-11.5}$/yr), we argue that the mid- and far-infrared can only be used to estimate the SFR of galaxies on the star-forming sequence with W$_{Hα}$ >10A (sSFR $\gtrsim 10^{-10.5}$/yr). We find no evidence for dust obscured star-formation in local post-starburst galaxies. |
| title | The infrared luminosity of retired and post-starburst galaxies: A cautionary tale for star formation rate measurements |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.08672 |