Accurate vector optically pumped magnetometer with microwave-driven Rabi frequency measurements
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866913709092241408 |
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| author | Kiehl, Christopher Menon, Thanmay S. Knappe, Svenja Thiele, Tobias Regal, Cindy A. |
| author_facet | Kiehl, Christopher Menon, Thanmay S. Knappe, Svenja Thiele, Tobias Regal, Cindy A. |
| contents | Robust calibration of vector optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) is a nontrivial task, but increasingly important for applications requiring high-accuracy such as magnetic navigation, geophysics research, and space exploration. Here, we showcase a vector OPM that utilizes Rabi oscillations driven between the hyperfine manifolds of $^{87}$Rb to measure the direction of a DC magnetic field against the polarization ellipse structure of a microwave field. By relying solely on atomic measurements -- free-induction decay (FID) signals and Rabi measurements across multiple atomic transitions -- this sensor can detect drift in the microwave vector reference and compensate for systematic shifts caused by off-resonant driving, nonlinear Zeeman (NLZ) effects, and buffer gas collisions. To facilitate dead-zone-free operation, we also introduce a novel Rabi measurement that utilizes dressed-state resonances that appear during simultaneous Larmor precession and Rabi driving (SPaR). These measurements, performed within a microfabricated vapor cell platform, achieve an average vector accuracy of 0.46 mrad and vector sensitivities down to 11 $μ$rad$/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ for geomagnetic field strengths near 50 $μ$T. This performance surpasses the challenging 1-degree (17 mrad) accuracy threshold of several contemporary OPM methods utilizing atomic vapors with an electromagnetic vector reference. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_09885 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Accurate vector optically pumped magnetometer with microwave-driven Rabi frequency measurements Kiehl, Christopher Menon, Thanmay S. Knappe, Svenja Thiele, Tobias Regal, Cindy A. Atomic Physics Robust calibration of vector optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) is a nontrivial task, but increasingly important for applications requiring high-accuracy such as magnetic navigation, geophysics research, and space exploration. Here, we showcase a vector OPM that utilizes Rabi oscillations driven between the hyperfine manifolds of $^{87}$Rb to measure the direction of a DC magnetic field against the polarization ellipse structure of a microwave field. By relying solely on atomic measurements -- free-induction decay (FID) signals and Rabi measurements across multiple atomic transitions -- this sensor can detect drift in the microwave vector reference and compensate for systematic shifts caused by off-resonant driving, nonlinear Zeeman (NLZ) effects, and buffer gas collisions. To facilitate dead-zone-free operation, we also introduce a novel Rabi measurement that utilizes dressed-state resonances that appear during simultaneous Larmor precession and Rabi driving (SPaR). These measurements, performed within a microfabricated vapor cell platform, achieve an average vector accuracy of 0.46 mrad and vector sensitivities down to 11 $μ$rad$/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ for geomagnetic field strengths near 50 $μ$T. This performance surpasses the challenging 1-degree (17 mrad) accuracy threshold of several contemporary OPM methods utilizing atomic vapors with an electromagnetic vector reference. |
| title | Accurate vector optically pumped magnetometer with microwave-driven Rabi frequency measurements |
| topic | Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.09885 |