Bilevel Optimization for Real-Time Control with Application to Locomotion Gait Generation
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866912034059190272 |
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| author | Olkin, Zachary Ames, Aaron D. |
| author_facet | Olkin, Zachary Ames, Aaron D. |
| contents | Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a common tool for the control of nonlinear, real-world systems, such as legged robots. However, solving MPC quickly enough to enable its use in real-time is often challenging. One common solution is given by real-time iterations, which does not solve the MPC problem to convergence, but rather close enough to give an approximate solution. In this paper, we extend this idea to a bilevel control framework where a "high-level" optimization program modifies a controller parameter of a "low-level" MPC problem which generates the control inputs and desired state trajectory. We propose an algorithm to iterate on this bilevel program in real-time and provide conditions for its convergence and improvements in stability. We then demonstrate the efficacy of this algorithm by applying it to a quadrupedal robot where the high-level problem optimizes a contact schedule in real-time. We show through simulation that the algorithm can yield improvements in disturbance rejection and optimality, while creating qualitatively new gaits. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_12366 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Bilevel Optimization for Real-Time Control with Application to Locomotion Gait Generation Olkin, Zachary Ames, Aaron D. Systems and Control Robotics Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a common tool for the control of nonlinear, real-world systems, such as legged robots. However, solving MPC quickly enough to enable its use in real-time is often challenging. One common solution is given by real-time iterations, which does not solve the MPC problem to convergence, but rather close enough to give an approximate solution. In this paper, we extend this idea to a bilevel control framework where a "high-level" optimization program modifies a controller parameter of a "low-level" MPC problem which generates the control inputs and desired state trajectory. We propose an algorithm to iterate on this bilevel program in real-time and provide conditions for its convergence and improvements in stability. We then demonstrate the efficacy of this algorithm by applying it to a quadrupedal robot where the high-level problem optimizes a contact schedule in real-time. We show through simulation that the algorithm can yield improvements in disturbance rejection and optimality, while creating qualitatively new gaits. |
| title | Bilevel Optimization for Real-Time Control with Application to Locomotion Gait Generation |
| topic | Systems and Control Robotics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.12366 |