NP-Completeness and Physical Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Zeiger
Fuente:
arXiv
Salvato in:
| Autore principale: | |
|---|---|
| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2024
|
| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | |
| Tags: |
Aggiungi Tag
Nessun Tag, puoi essere il primo ad aggiungerne!!
|
| _version_ | 1866917943666802688 |
|---|---|
| author | Ruangwises, Suthee |
| author_facet | Ruangwises, Suthee |
| contents | Zeiger is a pencil puzzle consisting of a rectangular grid, with each cell having an arrow pointing in horizontal or vertical direction. Some cells also contain a positive integer. The objective of this puzzle is to fill a positive integer into every unnumbered cell such that the integer in each cell is equal to the number of different integers in all cells along the direction an arrow in that cell points to. In this paper, we prove that deciding solvability of a given Zeiger puzzle is NP-complete via a reduction from the not-all-equal positive 3SAT (NAE3SAT+) problem. We also construct a card-based physical zero-knowledge proof protocol for Zeiger, which enables a prover to physically show a verifier the existence of the puzzle's solution without revealing it. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_14308 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | NP-Completeness and Physical Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Zeiger Ruangwises, Suthee Computational Complexity Cryptography and Security Zeiger is a pencil puzzle consisting of a rectangular grid, with each cell having an arrow pointing in horizontal or vertical direction. Some cells also contain a positive integer. The objective of this puzzle is to fill a positive integer into every unnumbered cell such that the integer in each cell is equal to the number of different integers in all cells along the direction an arrow in that cell points to. In this paper, we prove that deciding solvability of a given Zeiger puzzle is NP-complete via a reduction from the not-all-equal positive 3SAT (NAE3SAT+) problem. We also construct a card-based physical zero-knowledge proof protocol for Zeiger, which enables a prover to physically show a verifier the existence of the puzzle's solution without revealing it. |
| title | NP-Completeness and Physical Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Zeiger |
| topic | Computational Complexity Cryptography and Security |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.14308 |