Raney Transducers and the Lowest Point of the $p$-Lagrange spectrum

Fuente: arXiv
Salvato in:
Dettagli Bibliografici
Autori principali: Dong, Brandon, Dupont, Soren, O'Dorney, Evan M., Waitkus, W. Theo
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2024
Soggetti:
Accesso online:
Tags: Aggiungi Tag
Nessun Tag, puoi essere il primo ad aggiungerne!!
_version_ 1866909647163621376
author Dong, Brandon
Dupont, Soren
O'Dorney, Evan M.
Waitkus, W. Theo
author_facet Dong, Brandon
Dupont, Soren
O'Dorney, Evan M.
Waitkus, W. Theo
contents It is well known that the golden ratio $ϕ$ is the ''most irrational'' number in the sense that its best rational approximations $s/t$ have error $\sim 1/(\sqrt{5} t^2)$ and this constant $\sqrt{5}$ is as low as possible. Given a prime $p$, how can we characterize the reals $x$ such that $x$ and $p x$ are both ''very irrational''? This is tantamount to finding the lowest point of the $p$-Lagrange spectrum $\mathcal{L}_p$ as previously defined by the third author. We describe an algorithm using Raney transducers that computes $\min \mathcal{L}_p$ if it terminates, which we conjecture it always does. We verify that $\min \mathcal{L}_p$ is the square root of a rational number for primes $p < 2000$. Mysteriously, the highest values of $\min \mathcal{L}_p$ occur for the Heegner primes $67$, $3$, and $163$, and for all $p$, the continued fractions of the corresponding very irrational numbers $x$ and $p x$ are in one of three symmetric relations.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_15480
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Raney Transducers and the Lowest Point of the $p$-Lagrange spectrum
Dong, Brandon
Dupont, Soren
O'Dorney, Evan M.
Waitkus, W. Theo
Number Theory
It is well known that the golden ratio $ϕ$ is the ''most irrational'' number in the sense that its best rational approximations $s/t$ have error $\sim 1/(\sqrt{5} t^2)$ and this constant $\sqrt{5}$ is as low as possible. Given a prime $p$, how can we characterize the reals $x$ such that $x$ and $p x$ are both ''very irrational''? This is tantamount to finding the lowest point of the $p$-Lagrange spectrum $\mathcal{L}_p$ as previously defined by the third author. We describe an algorithm using Raney transducers that computes $\min \mathcal{L}_p$ if it terminates, which we conjecture it always does. We verify that $\min \mathcal{L}_p$ is the square root of a rational number for primes $p < 2000$. Mysteriously, the highest values of $\min \mathcal{L}_p$ occur for the Heegner primes $67$, $3$, and $163$, and for all $p$, the continued fractions of the corresponding very irrational numbers $x$ and $p x$ are in one of three symmetric relations.
title Raney Transducers and the Lowest Point of the $p$-Lagrange spectrum
topic Number Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.15480