LensWatch. II. Improved Photometry and Time-delay Constraints on the Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova 2022qmx ("SN Zwicky") with HST Template Observations
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arXiv
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2024
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| author | Larison, Conor Pierel, Justin D. R. Newman, Max J. B. Jha, Saurabh W. Gilman, Daniel Hayes, Erin E. Agrawal, Aadya Arendse, Nikki Birrer, Simon Bronikowski, Mateusz Della Costa, John M. Coulter, David A. Courbin, Frédéric Chakrabarti, Sukanya Diego, Jose M. Dalrymple, Kyle A. Dhawan, Suhail Goobar, Ariel Gall, Christa Hjorth, Jens Huang, Xiaosheng Mao, Shude Marques-Chaves, Rui Mazzali, Paolo A. More, Anupreeta Moustakas, Leonidas A. Pérez-Fournon, Ismael Petrushevska, Tanja Poidevin, Frédérick Rest, Armin Shajib, Anowar J. Shirley, Raphael Sheu, William Strolger, Louis-Gregory Suyu, Sherry H. Treu, Tommaso Zenati, Yossef |
| author_facet | Larison, Conor Pierel, Justin D. R. Newman, Max J. B. Jha, Saurabh W. Gilman, Daniel Hayes, Erin E. Agrawal, Aadya Arendse, Nikki Birrer, Simon Bronikowski, Mateusz Della Costa, John M. Coulter, David A. Courbin, Frédéric Chakrabarti, Sukanya Diego, Jose M. Dalrymple, Kyle A. Dhawan, Suhail Goobar, Ariel Gall, Christa Hjorth, Jens Huang, Xiaosheng Mao, Shude Marques-Chaves, Rui Mazzali, Paolo A. More, Anupreeta Moustakas, Leonidas A. Pérez-Fournon, Ismael Petrushevska, Tanja Poidevin, Frédérick Rest, Armin Shajib, Anowar J. Shirley, Raphael Sheu, William Strolger, Louis-Gregory Suyu, Sherry H. Treu, Tommaso Zenati, Yossef |
| contents | Strongly lensed supernovae (SNe) are a rare class of transient that can offer tight cosmological constraints that are complementary to methods from other astronomical events. We present a follow-up study of one recently-discovered strongly lensed SN, the quadruply-imaged Type Ia SN 2022qmx (aka, "SN Zwicky") at z = 0.3544. We measure updated, template-subtracted photometry for SN Zwicky and derive improved time delays and magnifications. This is possible because SNe are transient, fading away after reaching their peak brightness. Specifically, we measure point spread function (PSF) photometry for all four images of SN Zwicky in three Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/UVIS passbands (F475W, F625W, F814W) and one WFC3/IR passband (F160W), with template images taken $\sim 11$ months after the epoch in which the SN images appear. We find consistency to within $2σ$ between lens model predicted time delays ($\lesssim1$ day), and measured time delays with HST colors ($\lesssim2$ days), including the uncertainty from chromatic microlensing that may arise from stars in the lensing galaxy. The standardizable nature of SNe Ia allows us to estimate absolute magnifications for the four images, with images A and C being elevated in magnification compared to lens model predictions by about $6σ$ and $3σ$ respectively, confirming previous work. We show that millilensing or differential dust extinction is unable to explain these discrepancies and find evidence for the existence of microlensing in images A, C, and potentially D, that may contribute to the anomalous magnification. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_17239 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | LensWatch. II. Improved Photometry and Time-delay Constraints on the Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova 2022qmx ("SN Zwicky") with HST Template Observations Larison, Conor Pierel, Justin D. R. Newman, Max J. B. Jha, Saurabh W. Gilman, Daniel Hayes, Erin E. Agrawal, Aadya Arendse, Nikki Birrer, Simon Bronikowski, Mateusz Della Costa, John M. Coulter, David A. Courbin, Frédéric Chakrabarti, Sukanya Diego, Jose M. Dalrymple, Kyle A. Dhawan, Suhail Goobar, Ariel Gall, Christa Hjorth, Jens Huang, Xiaosheng Mao, Shude Marques-Chaves, Rui Mazzali, Paolo A. More, Anupreeta Moustakas, Leonidas A. Pérez-Fournon, Ismael Petrushevska, Tanja Poidevin, Frédérick Rest, Armin Shajib, Anowar J. Shirley, Raphael Sheu, William Strolger, Louis-Gregory Suyu, Sherry H. Treu, Tommaso Zenati, Yossef High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Strongly lensed supernovae (SNe) are a rare class of transient that can offer tight cosmological constraints that are complementary to methods from other astronomical events. We present a follow-up study of one recently-discovered strongly lensed SN, the quadruply-imaged Type Ia SN 2022qmx (aka, "SN Zwicky") at z = 0.3544. We measure updated, template-subtracted photometry for SN Zwicky and derive improved time delays and magnifications. This is possible because SNe are transient, fading away after reaching their peak brightness. Specifically, we measure point spread function (PSF) photometry for all four images of SN Zwicky in three Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/UVIS passbands (F475W, F625W, F814W) and one WFC3/IR passband (F160W), with template images taken $\sim 11$ months after the epoch in which the SN images appear. We find consistency to within $2σ$ between lens model predicted time delays ($\lesssim1$ day), and measured time delays with HST colors ($\lesssim2$ days), including the uncertainty from chromatic microlensing that may arise from stars in the lensing galaxy. The standardizable nature of SNe Ia allows us to estimate absolute magnifications for the four images, with images A and C being elevated in magnification compared to lens model predictions by about $6σ$ and $3σ$ respectively, confirming previous work. We show that millilensing or differential dust extinction is unable to explain these discrepancies and find evidence for the existence of microlensing in images A, C, and potentially D, that may contribute to the anomalous magnification. |
| title | LensWatch. II. Improved Photometry and Time-delay Constraints on the Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova 2022qmx ("SN Zwicky") with HST Template Observations |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.17239 |