Reducing Overtreatment of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules Using a Multimodal Deep Learning Model
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866910624154386432 |
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| author | Athreya, Shreeram Melehy, Andrew Suthahar, Sujit Silas Armstrong Ivezić, Vedrana Radhachandran, Ashwath Sant, Vivek Moleta, Chace Zheng, Henry Patel, Maitraya Masamed, Rinat Arnold, Corey W. Speier, William |
| author_facet | Athreya, Shreeram Melehy, Andrew Suthahar, Sujit Silas Armstrong Ivezić, Vedrana Radhachandran, Ashwath Sant, Vivek Moleta, Chace Zheng, Henry Patel, Maitraya Masamed, Rinat Arnold, Corey W. Speier, William |
| contents | Objective: Molecular testing (MT) classifies cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules as benign or malignant with high sensitivity but low positive predictive value (PPV), only using molecular profiles, ignoring ultrasound (US) imaging and biopsy. We address this limitation by applying attention multiple instance learning (AMIL) to US images.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 333 patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules at UCLA medical center (259 benign, 74 malignant). A multi-modal deep learning AMIL model was developed, combining US images and MT to classify the nodules as benign or malignant and enhance the malignancy risk stratification of MT.
Results: The final AMIL model matched MT sensitivity (0.946) while significantly improving PPV (0.477 vs 0.448 for MT alone), indicating fewer false positives while maintaining high sensitivity.
Conclusion: Our approach reduces false positives compared to MT while maintaining the same ability to identify positive cases, potentially reducing unnecessary benign thyroid resections in patients with indeterminate nodules. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2409_19171 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Reducing Overtreatment of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules Using a Multimodal Deep Learning Model Athreya, Shreeram Melehy, Andrew Suthahar, Sujit Silas Armstrong Ivezić, Vedrana Radhachandran, Ashwath Sant, Vivek Moleta, Chace Zheng, Henry Patel, Maitraya Masamed, Rinat Arnold, Corey W. Speier, William Quantitative Methods Machine Learning Image and Video Processing Objective: Molecular testing (MT) classifies cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules as benign or malignant with high sensitivity but low positive predictive value (PPV), only using molecular profiles, ignoring ultrasound (US) imaging and biopsy. We address this limitation by applying attention multiple instance learning (AMIL) to US images. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 333 patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules at UCLA medical center (259 benign, 74 malignant). A multi-modal deep learning AMIL model was developed, combining US images and MT to classify the nodules as benign or malignant and enhance the malignancy risk stratification of MT. Results: The final AMIL model matched MT sensitivity (0.946) while significantly improving PPV (0.477 vs 0.448 for MT alone), indicating fewer false positives while maintaining high sensitivity. Conclusion: Our approach reduces false positives compared to MT while maintaining the same ability to identify positive cases, potentially reducing unnecessary benign thyroid resections in patients with indeterminate nodules. |
| title | Reducing Overtreatment of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules Using a Multimodal Deep Learning Model |
| topic | Quantitative Methods Machine Learning Image and Video Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.19171 |