Inferring three-nucleon couplings from multi-messenger neutron-star observations
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866915647388123136 |
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| author | Somasundaram, Rahul Svensson, Isak De, Soumi Deneris, Andrew E. Dietz, Yannick Landry, Philippe Schwenk, Achim Tews, Ingo |
| author_facet | Somasundaram, Rahul Svensson, Isak De, Soumi Deneris, Andrew E. Dietz, Yannick Landry, Philippe Schwenk, Achim Tews, Ingo |
| contents | Understanding the interactions between nucleons in dense matter is an important challenge in theoretical physics. Effective field theories have emerged as the dominant approach to address this problem at low energies, with many successful applications to the structure of nuclei and the properties of dense nucleonic matter. However, how far into the interior of neutron stars these interactions can describe dense matter is an open question. Here, we develop a framework that enables the inference of three-nucleon couplings in dense matter directly from astrophysical neutron star observations. We apply this formalism to the LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave event GW170817 and the X-ray measurements from NASA's Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer and establish direct constraints for the couplings that govern three-nucleon interactions in chiral effective field theory. Furthermore, we demonstrate how next-generation observations of a population of neutron star mergers can offer stringent constraints on three-nucleon couplings, potentially at a level comparable to those from laboratory data. Our work directly connects the microscopic couplings in quantum field theories to macroscopic observations of neutron stars, providing a way to test the consistency between low-energy couplings inferred from terrestrial and astrophysical data. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_00247 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Inferring three-nucleon couplings from multi-messenger neutron-star observations Somasundaram, Rahul Svensson, Isak De, Soumi Deneris, Andrew E. Dietz, Yannick Landry, Philippe Schwenk, Achim Tews, Ingo Nuclear Theory Understanding the interactions between nucleons in dense matter is an important challenge in theoretical physics. Effective field theories have emerged as the dominant approach to address this problem at low energies, with many successful applications to the structure of nuclei and the properties of dense nucleonic matter. However, how far into the interior of neutron stars these interactions can describe dense matter is an open question. Here, we develop a framework that enables the inference of three-nucleon couplings in dense matter directly from astrophysical neutron star observations. We apply this formalism to the LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave event GW170817 and the X-ray measurements from NASA's Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer and establish direct constraints for the couplings that govern three-nucleon interactions in chiral effective field theory. Furthermore, we demonstrate how next-generation observations of a population of neutron star mergers can offer stringent constraints on three-nucleon couplings, potentially at a level comparable to those from laboratory data. Our work directly connects the microscopic couplings in quantum field theories to macroscopic observations of neutron stars, providing a way to test the consistency between low-energy couplings inferred from terrestrial and astrophysical data. |
| title | Inferring three-nucleon couplings from multi-messenger neutron-star observations |
| topic | Nuclear Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.00247 |