Retraction of levitating drops
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866909337049366528 |
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| author | Isukwem, Kindness Hachem, Elie Pereira, Anselmo |
| author_facet | Isukwem, Kindness Hachem, Elie Pereira, Anselmo |
| contents | This theoretical and numerical study focuses on the physical mechanisms driving the retraction of levitating Newtonian micrometric/millimetric/centimetric drops surrounded by air and under zero-gravity conditions. The drops present a pancake-like initial shape, gradually converging towards a spherical one under surface tension effects. Three drop retraction regimes are observed: capillary-inertial; mixed capillary-inertio-viscous; and capillary-viscous. In the first regime, the retraction is essentially driven by a competition between capillary pressure and inertial stresses, which induces a complex flow with equivalent shear, uniaxial and biaxial components. As the viscous stress becomes comparable to the capillary and the inertial stresses, the second regime emerges while shear-based deformations tend to vanish. Lastly, the third regime is dominated by a balance between capillary and viscous stresses, essentially exhibiting axial deformation. These physical features are underlined through multiphase three-dimensional numerical simulations and analysed in light of retraction dynamics, energy transfer and scaling laws. Our results are rationalised in a two-dimensional diagram linking the drop retraction time with the observed retraction regimes through a single dimensionless parameter combining capillary, inertial, viscous and geometrical effects, i.e., the retraction number. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_04115 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Retraction of levitating drops Isukwem, Kindness Hachem, Elie Pereira, Anselmo Fluid Dynamics This theoretical and numerical study focuses on the physical mechanisms driving the retraction of levitating Newtonian micrometric/millimetric/centimetric drops surrounded by air and under zero-gravity conditions. The drops present a pancake-like initial shape, gradually converging towards a spherical one under surface tension effects. Three drop retraction regimes are observed: capillary-inertial; mixed capillary-inertio-viscous; and capillary-viscous. In the first regime, the retraction is essentially driven by a competition between capillary pressure and inertial stresses, which induces a complex flow with equivalent shear, uniaxial and biaxial components. As the viscous stress becomes comparable to the capillary and the inertial stresses, the second regime emerges while shear-based deformations tend to vanish. Lastly, the third regime is dominated by a balance between capillary and viscous stresses, essentially exhibiting axial deformation. These physical features are underlined through multiphase three-dimensional numerical simulations and analysed in light of retraction dynamics, energy transfer and scaling laws. Our results are rationalised in a two-dimensional diagram linking the drop retraction time with the observed retraction regimes through a single dimensionless parameter combining capillary, inertial, viscous and geometrical effects, i.e., the retraction number. |
| title | Retraction of levitating drops |
| topic | Fluid Dynamics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.04115 |