The Impact of Classical Bulges on Stellar Bars and Box-Peanut-X-Features in Disk Galaxies
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866929696492486656 |
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| author | McClure, Rachel Lee Beane, Angus D'Onghia, Elena Filion, Carrie Daniel, Kathryne J. |
| author_facet | McClure, Rachel Lee Beane, Angus D'Onghia, Elena Filion, Carrie Daniel, Kathryne J. |
| contents | Galactic bars and their associated resonances play a significant role in shaping galaxy evolution. Resulting resonance-driven structures, like the vertically extended Boxy/Peanut X-Feature (BPX), then serve as a useful probe of the host galaxy's history. In this study, we quantify the impact of a classical bulge on the evolution of the bar and the growth of bar resonance structures. This is accomplished with a suite of isolated N-body disk galaxy simulations with bulge mass fractions ranging from 0% to 16% of the disk mass. We apply frequency analysis to the stellar orbits to analyze the variations in resonance structure evolution. Our findings indicate that a more massive initial bulge leads to the formation of a stronger and more extended bar and that each bar drives the formation of a prominent associated BPX through resonance passage. In this work, we present evidence that the formation of a BPX is driven by planar, bar-supporting orbits evolving through interaction with horizontal and vertical bar-resonances. More orbits become vertically extended when these resonances intersect, and the rate of the orbits passing through resonance is moderated by the overall fraction of vertically extended orbits. A significant bulge stabilizes the fraction of vertically extended orbits, preventing sudden resonance-induced changes. Crucially, neither sudden resonance intersection nor prolonged resonance trapping is required for BPX formation. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_08277 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Impact of Classical Bulges on Stellar Bars and Box-Peanut-X-Features in Disk Galaxies McClure, Rachel Lee Beane, Angus D'Onghia, Elena Filion, Carrie Daniel, Kathryne J. Astrophysics of Galaxies Galactic bars and their associated resonances play a significant role in shaping galaxy evolution. Resulting resonance-driven structures, like the vertically extended Boxy/Peanut X-Feature (BPX), then serve as a useful probe of the host galaxy's history. In this study, we quantify the impact of a classical bulge on the evolution of the bar and the growth of bar resonance structures. This is accomplished with a suite of isolated N-body disk galaxy simulations with bulge mass fractions ranging from 0% to 16% of the disk mass. We apply frequency analysis to the stellar orbits to analyze the variations in resonance structure evolution. Our findings indicate that a more massive initial bulge leads to the formation of a stronger and more extended bar and that each bar drives the formation of a prominent associated BPX through resonance passage. In this work, we present evidence that the formation of a BPX is driven by planar, bar-supporting orbits evolving through interaction with horizontal and vertical bar-resonances. More orbits become vertically extended when these resonances intersect, and the rate of the orbits passing through resonance is moderated by the overall fraction of vertically extended orbits. A significant bulge stabilizes the fraction of vertically extended orbits, preventing sudden resonance-induced changes. Crucially, neither sudden resonance intersection nor prolonged resonance trapping is required for BPX formation. |
| title | The Impact of Classical Bulges on Stellar Bars and Box-Peanut-X-Features in Disk Galaxies |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.08277 |