MIRROR: A Novel Approach for the Automated Evaluation of Open-Ended Question Generation

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Main Authors: Deroy, Aniket, Maity, Subhankar, Sarkar, Sudeshna
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Deroy, Aniket
Maity, Subhankar
Sarkar, Sudeshna
author_facet Deroy, Aniket
Maity, Subhankar
Sarkar, Sudeshna
contents Automatic question generation is a critical task that involves evaluating question quality by considering factors such as engagement, pedagogical value, and the ability to stimulate critical thinking. These aspects require human-like understanding and judgment, which automated systems currently lack. However, human evaluations are costly and impractical for large-scale samples of generated questions. Therefore, we propose a novel system, MIRROR (Multi-LLM Iterative Review and Response for Optimized Rating), which leverages large language models (LLMs) to automate the evaluation process for questions generated by automated question generation systems. We experimented with several state-of-the-art LLMs, such as GPT-4, Gemini, and Llama2-70b. We observed that the scores of human evaluation metrics, namely relevance, appropriateness, novelty, complexity, and grammaticality, improved when using the feedback-based approach called MIRROR, tending to be closer to the human baseline scores. Furthermore, we observed that Pearson's correlation coefficient between GPT-4 and human experts improved when using our proposed feedback-based approach, MIRROR, compared to direct prompting for evaluation. Error analysis shows that our proposed approach, MIRROR, significantly helps to improve relevance and appropriateness.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_12893
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle MIRROR: A Novel Approach for the Automated Evaluation of Open-Ended Question Generation
Deroy, Aniket
Maity, Subhankar
Sarkar, Sudeshna
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Automatic question generation is a critical task that involves evaluating question quality by considering factors such as engagement, pedagogical value, and the ability to stimulate critical thinking. These aspects require human-like understanding and judgment, which automated systems currently lack. However, human evaluations are costly and impractical for large-scale samples of generated questions. Therefore, we propose a novel system, MIRROR (Multi-LLM Iterative Review and Response for Optimized Rating), which leverages large language models (LLMs) to automate the evaluation process for questions generated by automated question generation systems. We experimented with several state-of-the-art LLMs, such as GPT-4, Gemini, and Llama2-70b. We observed that the scores of human evaluation metrics, namely relevance, appropriateness, novelty, complexity, and grammaticality, improved when using the feedback-based approach called MIRROR, tending to be closer to the human baseline scores. Furthermore, we observed that Pearson's correlation coefficient between GPT-4 and human experts improved when using our proposed feedback-based approach, MIRROR, compared to direct prompting for evaluation. Error analysis shows that our proposed approach, MIRROR, significantly helps to improve relevance and appropriateness.
title MIRROR: A Novel Approach for the Automated Evaluation of Open-Ended Question Generation
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.12893