Searching for Planets Orbiting Vega with the James Webb Space Telescope
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Beichman, Charles Bryden, Geoffrey Llop-Sayson, Jorge Ygouf, Marie Greenbaum, Alexandra Leisenring, Jarron Gaspar, Andras Krist, John Rieke, George Wolff, Schuyler Su, Kate Hodapp, Klaus Meyer, Michael Kelly, Doug Boyer, Martha Johnstone, Doug Horner, Scott Rieke, Marcia |
| author_facet | Beichman, Charles Bryden, Geoffrey Llop-Sayson, Jorge Ygouf, Marie Greenbaum, Alexandra Leisenring, Jarron Gaspar, Andras Krist, John Rieke, George Wolff, Schuyler Su, Kate Hodapp, Klaus Meyer, Michael Kelly, Doug Boyer, Martha Johnstone, Doug Horner, Scott Rieke, Marcia |
| contents | The most prominent of the IRAS debris disk systems, $α$ Lyrae (Vega), at a distance of 7.7 pc, has been observed by both the NIRCam and MIRI instruments on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). This paper describes NIRCam coronagraphic observations which have achieved F444W contrast levels of 3$\times10^{-7}$ at 1\arcsec\ (7.7 au), 1$\times10^{-7}$ at 2\arcsec\ (15 au) and few $\times 10^{-8}$ beyond 5\arcsec\ (38 au), corresponding to masses of $<$ 3, 2 and 0.5 MJup for a system age of 700 Myr. Two F444W objects are identified in the outer MIRI debris disk, around 48 au. One of these is detected by MIRI, appears to be extended and has a spectral energy distribution similar to those of distant extragalactic sources. The second one also appears extended in the NIRCam data suggestive of an extragalactic nature.The NIRCam limits within the inner disk (1\arcsec\ --10\arcsec) correspond to a model-dependent masses of 2$\sim$3 \mj. \citet{Su2024} argue that planets larger even 0.3 MJup would disrupt the smooth disk structure seen at MIRI wavelengths. Eight additional objects are found within 60\arcsec\ of Vega, but none has astrometric properties or colors consistent with planet candidates. These observations reach a level consistent with expected Jeans Mass limits. Deeper observations achieving contrast levels $<10^{-8}$ outside of $\sim$4\arcsec\ and reaching masses below that of Saturn are possible, but may not reveal a large population of new objects. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_16551 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Searching for Planets Orbiting Vega with the James Webb Space Telescope Beichman, Charles Bryden, Geoffrey Llop-Sayson, Jorge Ygouf, Marie Greenbaum, Alexandra Leisenring, Jarron Gaspar, Andras Krist, John Rieke, George Wolff, Schuyler Su, Kate Hodapp, Klaus Meyer, Michael Kelly, Doug Boyer, Martha Johnstone, Doug Horner, Scott Rieke, Marcia Earth and Planetary Astrophysics The most prominent of the IRAS debris disk systems, $α$ Lyrae (Vega), at a distance of 7.7 pc, has been observed by both the NIRCam and MIRI instruments on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). This paper describes NIRCam coronagraphic observations which have achieved F444W contrast levels of 3$\times10^{-7}$ at 1\arcsec\ (7.7 au), 1$\times10^{-7}$ at 2\arcsec\ (15 au) and few $\times 10^{-8}$ beyond 5\arcsec\ (38 au), corresponding to masses of $<$ 3, 2 and 0.5 MJup for a system age of 700 Myr. Two F444W objects are identified in the outer MIRI debris disk, around 48 au. One of these is detected by MIRI, appears to be extended and has a spectral energy distribution similar to those of distant extragalactic sources. The second one also appears extended in the NIRCam data suggestive of an extragalactic nature.The NIRCam limits within the inner disk (1\arcsec\ --10\arcsec) correspond to a model-dependent masses of 2$\sim$3 \mj. \citet{Su2024} argue that planets larger even 0.3 MJup would disrupt the smooth disk structure seen at MIRI wavelengths. Eight additional objects are found within 60\arcsec\ of Vega, but none has astrometric properties or colors consistent with planet candidates. These observations reach a level consistent with expected Jeans Mass limits. Deeper observations achieving contrast levels $<10^{-8}$ outside of $\sim$4\arcsec\ and reaching masses below that of Saturn are possible, but may not reveal a large population of new objects. |
| title | Searching for Planets Orbiting Vega with the James Webb Space Telescope |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.16551 |