The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South II -- WASP-121 b has super-stellar C/O and refractory-to-volatile ratios
Fuente:
arXiv
Guardado en:
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2024
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | |
| Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
| _version_ | 1866912085151055872 |
|---|---|
| author | Smith, Peter C. B. Sanchez, Jorge A. Line, Michael R. Rauscher, Emily Mansfield, Megan Weiner Kempton, Eliza M. -R. Savel, Arjun Wardenier, Joost P. Pino, Lorenzo Bean, Jacob L. Beltz, Hayley Panwar, Vatsal Brogi, Matteo Malsky, Isaac Fortney, Jonathan Desert, Jean-Michel Pelletier, Stefan Parmentier, Vivien Kanumalla, Krishna Welbanks, Luis Meyer, Michael Monnier, John |
| author_facet | Smith, Peter C. B. Sanchez, Jorge A. Line, Michael R. Rauscher, Emily Mansfield, Megan Weiner Kempton, Eliza M. -R. Savel, Arjun Wardenier, Joost P. Pino, Lorenzo Bean, Jacob L. Beltz, Hayley Panwar, Vatsal Brogi, Matteo Malsky, Isaac Fortney, Jonathan Desert, Jean-Michel Pelletier, Stefan Parmentier, Vivien Kanumalla, Krishna Welbanks, Luis Meyer, Michael Monnier, John |
| contents | A primary goal of exoplanet science is to measure the atmospheric composition of gas giants in order to infer their formation and migration histories. Common diagnostics for planet formation are the atmospheric metallicity ([M/H]) and the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio as measured through transit or emission spectroscopy. The C/O ratio in particular can be used to approximately place a planet's initial formation radius from the stellar host, but a given C/O ratio may not be unique to formation location. This degeneracy can be broken by combining measurements of both the C/O ratio and the atmospheric refractory-to-volatile ratio. We report the measurement of both quantities for the atmosphere of the canonical ultra hot Jupiter WASP-121 b using the high resolution (R=45,000) IGRINS instrument on Gemini South. Probing the planet's direct thermal emission in both pre- and post-secondary eclipse orbital phases, we infer that WASP-121 b has a significantly super-stellar C/O ratio of 0.70$^{+0.07}_{-0.10}$ and a moderately super-stellar refractory-to-volatile ratio at 3.83$^{+3.62}_{-1.67} \times$ stellar. This combination is most consistent with formation between the soot line and H$_2$O snow line, but we cannot rule out formation between the H$_2$O and CO snow lines or beyond the CO snow line. We also measure velocity offsets between H$_2$O, CO, and OH, potentially an effect of chemical inhomogeneity on the planet day side. This study highlights the ability to measure both C/O and refractory-to-volatile ratios via high resolution spectroscopy in the near-infrared H and K bands. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_19017 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South II -- WASP-121 b has super-stellar C/O and refractory-to-volatile ratios Smith, Peter C. B. Sanchez, Jorge A. Line, Michael R. Rauscher, Emily Mansfield, Megan Weiner Kempton, Eliza M. -R. Savel, Arjun Wardenier, Joost P. Pino, Lorenzo Bean, Jacob L. Beltz, Hayley Panwar, Vatsal Brogi, Matteo Malsky, Isaac Fortney, Jonathan Desert, Jean-Michel Pelletier, Stefan Parmentier, Vivien Kanumalla, Krishna Welbanks, Luis Meyer, Michael Monnier, John Earth and Planetary Astrophysics A primary goal of exoplanet science is to measure the atmospheric composition of gas giants in order to infer their formation and migration histories. Common diagnostics for planet formation are the atmospheric metallicity ([M/H]) and the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio as measured through transit or emission spectroscopy. The C/O ratio in particular can be used to approximately place a planet's initial formation radius from the stellar host, but a given C/O ratio may not be unique to formation location. This degeneracy can be broken by combining measurements of both the C/O ratio and the atmospheric refractory-to-volatile ratio. We report the measurement of both quantities for the atmosphere of the canonical ultra hot Jupiter WASP-121 b using the high resolution (R=45,000) IGRINS instrument on Gemini South. Probing the planet's direct thermal emission in both pre- and post-secondary eclipse orbital phases, we infer that WASP-121 b has a significantly super-stellar C/O ratio of 0.70$^{+0.07}_{-0.10}$ and a moderately super-stellar refractory-to-volatile ratio at 3.83$^{+3.62}_{-1.67} \times$ stellar. This combination is most consistent with formation between the soot line and H$_2$O snow line, but we cannot rule out formation between the H$_2$O and CO snow lines or beyond the CO snow line. We also measure velocity offsets between H$_2$O, CO, and OH, potentially an effect of chemical inhomogeneity on the planet day side. This study highlights the ability to measure both C/O and refractory-to-volatile ratios via high resolution spectroscopy in the near-infrared H and K bands. |
| title | The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South II -- WASP-121 b has super-stellar C/O and refractory-to-volatile ratios |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.19017 |