Hot (non-equilibrium) electron relaxation: A review of the ultra-fast phenomena in metals and superconductors (PART I)
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866914988845694976 |
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| author | Singh, Navinder |
| author_facet | Singh, Navinder |
| contents | The famous Two-Temperature Model (TTM) used extensively in the investigations of energy relaxation in photo-excited systems originated in the seminal work of M. I. Kaganov, I. M. Lifshitz, and L. V. Tanatarov (KLT) in 1957. The idea that with an ultra short laser pulse a temporal (transient) state of electrons in a metal can be created in which electrons after absorbing energy from the laser pulse heat up and their temperature becomes substantially greater than that of lattice was originated in the work of S. I. Anisimov, B. L. Kapeliovich, and T. L. Perel'man in 1974. The heated electron sub-system ("hot" electrons) loses its energy to phonon sub-system via electron-phonon scattering (relaxation) and thermodynamic equilibrium re-establishes over a time scale of a few pico-seconds (psecs) in metals. This field saw great developments in the 1980s and 1990s with the advent of femto-second (fsec) pump-probe spectroscopy. And from 2000 onwards focus shifted from non-equilibrium phenomena in simple metals to that in more complex systems including strongly correlated systems such as high Tc cuprate superconductors. In 1987, P. B. Allen re-visits the calculations of KLT and re-writes the electron-phonon heat transfer coefficient $α$ in terms of a very important parameter in the theory of superconductivity. Year 2000 onwards, field saw the development of models that go beyond the original TTM. Very recently, field enters into atto-second domain. In this article, author attempts a rigorous and concise account of the entire development of this very fascinating area of research including a summary of the current research in this field. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_19433 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Hot (non-equilibrium) electron relaxation: A review of the ultra-fast phenomena in metals and superconductors (PART I) Singh, Navinder Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity The famous Two-Temperature Model (TTM) used extensively in the investigations of energy relaxation in photo-excited systems originated in the seminal work of M. I. Kaganov, I. M. Lifshitz, and L. V. Tanatarov (KLT) in 1957. The idea that with an ultra short laser pulse a temporal (transient) state of electrons in a metal can be created in which electrons after absorbing energy from the laser pulse heat up and their temperature becomes substantially greater than that of lattice was originated in the work of S. I. Anisimov, B. L. Kapeliovich, and T. L. Perel'man in 1974. The heated electron sub-system ("hot" electrons) loses its energy to phonon sub-system via electron-phonon scattering (relaxation) and thermodynamic equilibrium re-establishes over a time scale of a few pico-seconds (psecs) in metals. This field saw great developments in the 1980s and 1990s with the advent of femto-second (fsec) pump-probe spectroscopy. And from 2000 onwards focus shifted from non-equilibrium phenomena in simple metals to that in more complex systems including strongly correlated systems such as high Tc cuprate superconductors. In 1987, P. B. Allen re-visits the calculations of KLT and re-writes the electron-phonon heat transfer coefficient $α$ in terms of a very important parameter in the theory of superconductivity. Year 2000 onwards, field saw the development of models that go beyond the original TTM. Very recently, field enters into atto-second domain. In this article, author attempts a rigorous and concise account of the entire development of this very fascinating area of research including a summary of the current research in this field. |
| title | Hot (non-equilibrium) electron relaxation: A review of the ultra-fast phenomena in metals and superconductors (PART I) |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.19433 |