International comparison of optical frequencies with transportable optical lattice clocks
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2024
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| author | Clock, International Networking, Oscillator Collaboration : Amy-Klein, Anne Benkler, Erik Blondé, Pascal Bongs, Kai Cantin, Etienne Chardonnet, Christian Denker, Heiner Dörscher, Sören Feng, Chen-Hao Gaudron, Jacques-Olivier Gill, Patrick Hill, Ian R Huang, Wei Johnson, Matthew Y H Kale, Yogeshwar B Katori, Hidetoshi Klose, Joshua Kronjäger, Jochen Kuhl, Alexander Targat, Rodolphe Le Lisdat, Christian Lopez, Olivier Lücke, Tim Mazouth, Maxime Mukherjee, Shambo Nosske, Ingo Pointard, Benjamin Pottie, Paul-Eric Schioppo, Marco Singh, Yeshpal Stahl, Kilian Takamoto, Masao Tønnes, Mads Tunesi, Jacob Ushijima, Ichiro Vishwakarma, Chetan |
| author_facet | Clock, International Networking, Oscillator Collaboration : Amy-Klein, Anne Benkler, Erik Blondé, Pascal Bongs, Kai Cantin, Etienne Chardonnet, Christian Denker, Heiner Dörscher, Sören Feng, Chen-Hao Gaudron, Jacques-Olivier Gill, Patrick Hill, Ian R Huang, Wei Johnson, Matthew Y H Kale, Yogeshwar B Katori, Hidetoshi Klose, Joshua Kronjäger, Jochen Kuhl, Alexander Targat, Rodolphe Le Lisdat, Christian Lopez, Olivier Lücke, Tim Mazouth, Maxime Mukherjee, Shambo Nosske, Ingo Pointard, Benjamin Pottie, Paul-Eric Schioppo, Marco Singh, Yeshpal Stahl, Kilian Takamoto, Masao Tønnes, Mads Tunesi, Jacob Ushijima, Ichiro Vishwakarma, Chetan |
| contents | Optical clocks have improved their frequency stability and estimated accuracy by more than two orders of magnitude over the best caesium microwave clocks that realise the SI second. Accordingly, an optical redefinition of the second has been widely discussed, prompting a need for the consistency of optical clocks to be verified worldwide. While satellite frequency links are sufficient to compare microwave clocks, a suitable method for comparing high-performance optical clocks over intercontinental distances is missing. Furthermore, remote comparisons over frequency links face fractional uncertainties of a few $10^{-18}$ due to imprecise knowledge of each clock's relativistic redshift, which stems from uncertainty in the geopotential determined at each distant location. Here, we report a landmark campaign towards the era of optical clocks, where, for the first time, state-of-the-art transportable optical clocks from Japan and Europe are brought together to demonstrate international comparisons that require neither a high-performance frequency link nor information on the geopotential difference between remote sites. Conversely, the reproducibility of the clocks after being transported between countries was sufficient to determine geopotential height offsets at the level of 4 cm. Our campaign paves the way for redefining the SI second and has a significant impact on various applications, including tests of general relativity, geodetic sensing for geosciences, precise navigation, and future timing networks. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2410_22973 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | International comparison of optical frequencies with transportable optical lattice clocks Clock, International Networking, Oscillator Collaboration : Amy-Klein, Anne Benkler, Erik Blondé, Pascal Bongs, Kai Cantin, Etienne Chardonnet, Christian Denker, Heiner Dörscher, Sören Feng, Chen-Hao Gaudron, Jacques-Olivier Gill, Patrick Hill, Ian R Huang, Wei Johnson, Matthew Y H Kale, Yogeshwar B Katori, Hidetoshi Klose, Joshua Kronjäger, Jochen Kuhl, Alexander Targat, Rodolphe Le Lisdat, Christian Lopez, Olivier Lücke, Tim Mazouth, Maxime Mukherjee, Shambo Nosske, Ingo Pointard, Benjamin Pottie, Paul-Eric Schioppo, Marco Singh, Yeshpal Stahl, Kilian Takamoto, Masao Tønnes, Mads Tunesi, Jacob Ushijima, Ichiro Vishwakarma, Chetan Atomic Physics Optical clocks have improved their frequency stability and estimated accuracy by more than two orders of magnitude over the best caesium microwave clocks that realise the SI second. Accordingly, an optical redefinition of the second has been widely discussed, prompting a need for the consistency of optical clocks to be verified worldwide. While satellite frequency links are sufficient to compare microwave clocks, a suitable method for comparing high-performance optical clocks over intercontinental distances is missing. Furthermore, remote comparisons over frequency links face fractional uncertainties of a few $10^{-18}$ due to imprecise knowledge of each clock's relativistic redshift, which stems from uncertainty in the geopotential determined at each distant location. Here, we report a landmark campaign towards the era of optical clocks, where, for the first time, state-of-the-art transportable optical clocks from Japan and Europe are brought together to demonstrate international comparisons that require neither a high-performance frequency link nor information on the geopotential difference between remote sites. Conversely, the reproducibility of the clocks after being transported between countries was sufficient to determine geopotential height offsets at the level of 4 cm. Our campaign paves the way for redefining the SI second and has a significant impact on various applications, including tests of general relativity, geodetic sensing for geosciences, precise navigation, and future timing networks. |
| title | International comparison of optical frequencies with transportable optical lattice clocks |
| topic | Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.22973 |