A scalable generative model for dynamical system reconstruction from neuroimaging data

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Volkmann, Eric, Brändle, Alena, Durstewitz, Daniel, Koppe, Georgia
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2024
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author Volkmann, Eric
Brändle, Alena
Durstewitz, Daniel
Koppe, Georgia
author_facet Volkmann, Eric
Brändle, Alena
Durstewitz, Daniel
Koppe, Georgia
contents Data-driven inference of the generative dynamics underlying a set of observed time series is of growing interest in machine learning and the natural sciences. In neuroscience, such methods promise to alleviate the need to handcraft models based on biophysical principles and allow to automatize the inference of inter-individual differences in brain dynamics. Recent breakthroughs in training techniques for state space models (SSMs) specifically geared toward dynamical systems (DS) reconstruction (DSR) enable to recover the underlying system including its geometrical (attractor) and long-term statistical invariants from even short time series. These techniques are based on control-theoretic ideas, like modern variants of teacher forcing (TF), to ensure stable loss gradient propagation while training. However, as it currently stands, these techniques are not directly applicable to data modalities where current observations depend on an entire history of previous states due to a signal's filtering properties, as common in neuroscience (and physiology more generally). Prominent examples are the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or Ca$^{2+}$ imaging data. Such types of signals render the SSM's decoder model non-invertible, a requirement for previous TF-based methods. Here, exploiting the recent success of control techniques for training SSMs, we propose a novel algorithm that solves this problem and scales exceptionally well with model dimensionality and filter length. We demonstrate its efficiency in reconstructing dynamical systems, including their state space geometry and long-term temporal properties, from just short BOLD time series.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_02949
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A scalable generative model for dynamical system reconstruction from neuroimaging data
Volkmann, Eric
Brändle, Alena
Durstewitz, Daniel
Koppe, Georgia
Machine Learning
Dynamical Systems
Chaotic Dynamics
Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Data-driven inference of the generative dynamics underlying a set of observed time series is of growing interest in machine learning and the natural sciences. In neuroscience, such methods promise to alleviate the need to handcraft models based on biophysical principles and allow to automatize the inference of inter-individual differences in brain dynamics. Recent breakthroughs in training techniques for state space models (SSMs) specifically geared toward dynamical systems (DS) reconstruction (DSR) enable to recover the underlying system including its geometrical (attractor) and long-term statistical invariants from even short time series. These techniques are based on control-theoretic ideas, like modern variants of teacher forcing (TF), to ensure stable loss gradient propagation while training. However, as it currently stands, these techniques are not directly applicable to data modalities where current observations depend on an entire history of previous states due to a signal's filtering properties, as common in neuroscience (and physiology more generally). Prominent examples are the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or Ca$^{2+}$ imaging data. Such types of signals render the SSM's decoder model non-invertible, a requirement for previous TF-based methods. Here, exploiting the recent success of control techniques for training SSMs, we propose a novel algorithm that solves this problem and scales exceptionally well with model dimensionality and filter length. We demonstrate its efficiency in reconstructing dynamical systems, including their state space geometry and long-term temporal properties, from just short BOLD time series.
title A scalable generative model for dynamical system reconstruction from neuroimaging data
topic Machine Learning
Dynamical Systems
Chaotic Dynamics
Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.02949