_version_ 1866913655314972672
author Bassi, Pedro R. A. S.
Li, Wenxuan
Tang, Yucheng
Isensee, Fabian
Wang, Zifu
Chen, Jieneng
Chou, Yu-Cheng
Kirchhoff, Yannick
Rokuss, Maximilian
Huang, Ziyan
Ye, Jin
He, Junjun
Wald, Tassilo
Ulrich, Constantin
Baumgartner, Michael
Roy, Saikat
Maier-Hein, Klaus H.
Jaeger, Paul
Ye, Yiwen
Xie, Yutong
Zhang, Jianpeng
Chen, Ziyang
Xia, Yong
Xing, Zhaohu
Zhu, Lei
Sadegheih, Yousef
Bozorgpour, Afshin
Kumari, Pratibha
Azad, Reza
Merhof, Dorit
Shi, Pengcheng
Ma, Ting
Du, Yuxin
Bai, Fan
Huang, Tiejun
Zhao, Bo
Wang, Haonan
Li, Xiaomeng
Gu, Hanxue
Dong, Haoyu
Yang, Jichen
Mazurowski, Maciej A.
Gupta, Saumya
Wu, Linshan
Zhuang, Jiaxin
Chen, Hao
Roth, Holger
Xu, Daguang
Blaschko, Matthew B.
Decherchi, Sergio
Cavalli, Andrea
Yuille, Alan L.
Zhou, Zongwei
author_facet Bassi, Pedro R. A. S.
Li, Wenxuan
Tang, Yucheng
Isensee, Fabian
Wang, Zifu
Chen, Jieneng
Chou, Yu-Cheng
Kirchhoff, Yannick
Rokuss, Maximilian
Huang, Ziyan
Ye, Jin
He, Junjun
Wald, Tassilo
Ulrich, Constantin
Baumgartner, Michael
Roy, Saikat
Maier-Hein, Klaus H.
Jaeger, Paul
Ye, Yiwen
Xie, Yutong
Zhang, Jianpeng
Chen, Ziyang
Xia, Yong
Xing, Zhaohu
Zhu, Lei
Sadegheih, Yousef
Bozorgpour, Afshin
Kumari, Pratibha
Azad, Reza
Merhof, Dorit
Shi, Pengcheng
Ma, Ting
Du, Yuxin
Bai, Fan
Huang, Tiejun
Zhao, Bo
Wang, Haonan
Li, Xiaomeng
Gu, Hanxue
Dong, Haoyu
Yang, Jichen
Mazurowski, Maciej A.
Gupta, Saumya
Wu, Linshan
Zhuang, Jiaxin
Chen, Hao
Roth, Holger
Xu, Daguang
Blaschko, Matthew B.
Decherchi, Sergio
Cavalli, Andrea
Yuille, Alan L.
Zhou, Zongwei
contents How can we test AI performance? This question seems trivial, but it isn't. Standard benchmarks often have problems such as in-distribution and small-size test sets, oversimplified metrics, unfair comparisons, and short-term outcome pressure. As a consequence, good performance on standard benchmarks does not guarantee success in real-world scenarios. To address these problems, we present Touchstone, a large-scale collaborative segmentation benchmark of 9 types of abdominal organs. This benchmark is based on 5,195 training CT scans from 76 hospitals around the world and 5,903 testing CT scans from 11 additional hospitals. This diverse test set enhances the statistical significance of benchmark results and rigorously evaluates AI algorithms across various out-of-distribution scenarios. We invited 14 inventors of 19 AI algorithms to train their algorithms, while our team, as a third party, independently evaluated these algorithms on three test sets. In addition, we also evaluated pre-existing AI frameworks--which, differing from algorithms, are more flexible and can support different algorithms--including MONAI from NVIDIA, nnU-Net from DKFZ, and numerous other open-source frameworks. We are committed to expanding this benchmark to encourage more innovation of AI algorithms for the medical domain.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_03670
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Touchstone Benchmark: Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating AI Algorithms for Medical Segmentation?
Bassi, Pedro R. A. S.
Li, Wenxuan
Tang, Yucheng
Isensee, Fabian
Wang, Zifu
Chen, Jieneng
Chou, Yu-Cheng
Kirchhoff, Yannick
Rokuss, Maximilian
Huang, Ziyan
Ye, Jin
He, Junjun
Wald, Tassilo
Ulrich, Constantin
Baumgartner, Michael
Roy, Saikat
Maier-Hein, Klaus H.
Jaeger, Paul
Ye, Yiwen
Xie, Yutong
Zhang, Jianpeng
Chen, Ziyang
Xia, Yong
Xing, Zhaohu
Zhu, Lei
Sadegheih, Yousef
Bozorgpour, Afshin
Kumari, Pratibha
Azad, Reza
Merhof, Dorit
Shi, Pengcheng
Ma, Ting
Du, Yuxin
Bai, Fan
Huang, Tiejun
Zhao, Bo
Wang, Haonan
Li, Xiaomeng
Gu, Hanxue
Dong, Haoyu
Yang, Jichen
Mazurowski, Maciej A.
Gupta, Saumya
Wu, Linshan
Zhuang, Jiaxin
Chen, Hao
Roth, Holger
Xu, Daguang
Blaschko, Matthew B.
Decherchi, Sergio
Cavalli, Andrea
Yuille, Alan L.
Zhou, Zongwei
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
How can we test AI performance? This question seems trivial, but it isn't. Standard benchmarks often have problems such as in-distribution and small-size test sets, oversimplified metrics, unfair comparisons, and short-term outcome pressure. As a consequence, good performance on standard benchmarks does not guarantee success in real-world scenarios. To address these problems, we present Touchstone, a large-scale collaborative segmentation benchmark of 9 types of abdominal organs. This benchmark is based on 5,195 training CT scans from 76 hospitals around the world and 5,903 testing CT scans from 11 additional hospitals. This diverse test set enhances the statistical significance of benchmark results and rigorously evaluates AI algorithms across various out-of-distribution scenarios. We invited 14 inventors of 19 AI algorithms to train their algorithms, while our team, as a third party, independently evaluated these algorithms on three test sets. In addition, we also evaluated pre-existing AI frameworks--which, differing from algorithms, are more flexible and can support different algorithms--including MONAI from NVIDIA, nnU-Net from DKFZ, and numerous other open-source frameworks. We are committed to expanding this benchmark to encourage more innovation of AI algorithms for the medical domain.
title Touchstone Benchmark: Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating AI Algorithms for Medical Segmentation?
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.03670