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Search for Extended GeV Sources in the Inner Galactic Plane

Fuente: arXiv

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Auteurs principaux:	Abdollahi, S., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adelfio, A., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Bartolini, C., Gonzalez, J. Becerra, Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bonino, R., Bruel, P., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Castro, D., Cavazzuti, E., Cheung, C. C., Cibrario, N., Ciprini, S., Cozzolongo, G., Orestano, P. Cristarella, Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Di Lalla, N., Dinesh, A., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Fiori, A., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Germani, S., Giacchino, F., Giglietto, N., Giliberti, M., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Gupta, R., Hashizume, M., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Horan, D., Hou, X., Kayanoki, T., Kuss, M., Laviron, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Liguori, A., Li, J., Liodakis, I., Loizzo, P., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lorusso, L., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Maldera, S., Malyshev, D., Martí-Devesa, G., Martin, P., Mazziotta, M. N., Mereu, I., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monti-Guarnieri, P., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Paneque, D., Panzarini, G., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pillera, R., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Bernal, M. Rocamora, Sánchez-Conde, M., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Serini, D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J. B., Torres, D. F., Valverde, J., Wadiasingh, Z., Wood, K., Zaharijas, G.
Format:	Preprint
Publié:	2024
Sujets:	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Accès en ligne:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Abdollahi, S. Acero, F. Acharyya, A. Adelfio, A. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Bartolini, C. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bonino, R. Bruel, P. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Castro, D. Cavazzuti, E. Cheung, C. C. Cibrario, N. Ciprini, S. Cozzolongo, G. Orestano, P. Cristarella Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. Di Lalla, N. Dinesh, A. Di Venere, L. Domínguez, A. Fiori, A. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasbarra, C. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giacchino, F. Giglietto, N. Giliberti, M. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Gupta, R. Hashizume, M. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Horan, D. Hou, X. Kayanoki, T. Kuss, M. Laviron, A. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Liguori, A. Li, J. Liodakis, I. Loizzo, P. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lorusso, L. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Maldera, S. Malyshev, D. Martí-Devesa, G. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. Mereu, I. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monti-Guarnieri, P. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Negro, M. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Paneque, D. Panzarini, G. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pillera, R. Porter, T. A. Rainò, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Bernal, M. Rocamora Sánchez-Conde, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Serini, D. Sgrò, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Thayer, J. B. Torres, D. F. Valverde, J. Wadiasingh, Z. Wood, K. Zaharijas, G.
author_facet	Abdollahi, S. Acero, F. Acharyya, A. Adelfio, A. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Bartolini, C. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bonino, R. Bruel, P. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Castro, D. Cavazzuti, E. Cheung, C. C. Cibrario, N. Ciprini, S. Cozzolongo, G. Orestano, P. Cristarella Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. Di Lalla, N. Dinesh, A. Di Venere, L. Domínguez, A. Fiori, A. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasbarra, C. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giacchino, F. Giglietto, N. Giliberti, M. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Gupta, R. Hashizume, M. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Horan, D. Hou, X. Kayanoki, T. Kuss, M. Laviron, A. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Liguori, A. Li, J. Liodakis, I. Loizzo, P. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lorusso, L. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Maldera, S. Malyshev, D. Martí-Devesa, G. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. Mereu, I. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monti-Guarnieri, P. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Negro, M. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Paneque, D. Panzarini, G. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pillera, R. Porter, T. A. Rainò, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Bernal, M. Rocamora Sánchez-Conde, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Serini, D. Sgrò, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Thayer, J. B. Torres, D. F. Valverde, J. Wadiasingh, Z. Wood, K. Zaharijas, G.
contents	The recent detection of extended $γ$-ray emission around middle-aged pulsars is interpreted as inverse-Compton scattering of ambient photons by electron-positron pairs escaping the pulsar wind nebula, which are confined near the system by unclear mechanisms. This emerging population of $γ$-ray sources was first discovered at TeV energies and remains underexplored in the GeV range. To address this, we conducted a systematic search for extended sources along the Galactic plane using 14 years of Fermi-LAT data above 10 GeV, aiming to identify a number of pulsar halo candidates and extend our view to lower energies. The search covered the inner Galactic plane ($\lvert l\rvert\leq$ 100$^{\circ}$, $\lvert b\rvert\leq$ 1$^{\circ}$) and the positions of known TeV sources and bright pulsars, yielding broader astrophysical interest. We found 40 such sources, forming the Second Fermi Galactic Extended Sources Catalog (2FGES), most with 68% containment radii smaller than 1.0$^{\circ}$ and relatively hard spectra with photon indices below 2.5. We assessed detection robustness using field-specific alternative interstellar emission models and by inspecting significance maps. Noting 13 sources previously known as extended in the 4FGL-DR3 catalog and five dubious sources from complex regions, we report 22 newly detected extended sources above 10 GeV. Of these, 13 coincide with H.E.S.S., HAWC, or LHAASO sources; six coincide with bright pulsars (including four also coincident with TeV sources); six are associated with 4FGL point sources only; and one has no association in the scanned catalogs. Notably, six to eight sources may be related to pulsars as classical pulsar wind nebulae or pulsar halos.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_07162
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2024
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Search for Extended GeV Sources in the Inner Galactic Plane Abdollahi, S. Acero, F. Acharyya, A. Adelfio, A. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Bartolini, C. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bonino, R. Bruel, P. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Castro, D. Cavazzuti, E. Cheung, C. C. Cibrario, N. Ciprini, S. Cozzolongo, G. Orestano, P. Cristarella Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. Di Lalla, N. Dinesh, A. Di Venere, L. Domínguez, A. Fiori, A. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasbarra, C. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giacchino, F. Giglietto, N. Giliberti, M. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Green, D. Grenier, I. A. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Gupta, R. Hashizume, M. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Horan, D. Hou, X. Kayanoki, T. Kuss, M. Laviron, A. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Liguori, A. Li, J. Liodakis, I. Loizzo, P. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lorusso, L. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Maldera, S. Malyshev, D. Martí-Devesa, G. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. Mereu, I. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monti-Guarnieri, P. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Negro, M. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Paneque, D. Panzarini, G. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pillera, R. Porter, T. A. Rainò, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Bernal, M. Rocamora Sánchez-Conde, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Serini, D. Sgrò, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Thayer, J. B. Torres, D. F. Valverde, J. Wadiasingh, Z. Wood, K. Zaharijas, G. High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena The recent detection of extended $γ$-ray emission around middle-aged pulsars is interpreted as inverse-Compton scattering of ambient photons by electron-positron pairs escaping the pulsar wind nebula, which are confined near the system by unclear mechanisms. This emerging population of $γ$-ray sources was first discovered at TeV energies and remains underexplored in the GeV range. To address this, we conducted a systematic search for extended sources along the Galactic plane using 14 years of Fermi-LAT data above 10 GeV, aiming to identify a number of pulsar halo candidates and extend our view to lower energies. The search covered the inner Galactic plane ($\lvert l\rvert\leq$ 100$^{\circ}$, $\lvert b\rvert\leq$ 1$^{\circ}$) and the positions of known TeV sources and bright pulsars, yielding broader astrophysical interest. We found 40 such sources, forming the Second Fermi Galactic Extended Sources Catalog (2FGES), most with 68% containment radii smaller than 1.0$^{\circ}$ and relatively hard spectra with photon indices below 2.5. We assessed detection robustness using field-specific alternative interstellar emission models and by inspecting significance maps. Noting 13 sources previously known as extended in the 4FGL-DR3 catalog and five dubious sources from complex regions, we report 22 newly detected extended sources above 10 GeV. Of these, 13 coincide with H.E.S.S., HAWC, or LHAASO sources; six coincide with bright pulsars (including four also coincident with TeV sources); six are associated with 4FGL point sources only; and one has no association in the scanned catalogs. Notably, six to eight sources may be related to pulsars as classical pulsar wind nebulae or pulsar halos.
title	Search for Extended GeV Sources in the Inner Galactic Plane
topic	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.07162