Experimental and theoretical evidence of universality in superfluid vortex reconnections

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Stasiak, Piotr Z., Xing, Yiming, Alihosseini, Yousef, Barenghi, Carlo F., Baggaley, Andrew, Guo, Wei, Galantucci, Luca, Krstulovic, Giorgio
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Stasiak, Piotr Z.
Xing, Yiming
Alihosseini, Yousef
Barenghi, Carlo F.
Baggaley, Andrew
Guo, Wei
Galantucci, Luca
Krstulovic, Giorgio
author_facet Stasiak, Piotr Z.
Xing, Yiming
Alihosseini, Yousef
Barenghi, Carlo F.
Baggaley, Andrew
Guo, Wei
Galantucci, Luca
Krstulovic, Giorgio
contents The minimum separation between reconnecting vortices in fluids and superfluids obeys a universal scaling law with respect to time. The pre-reconnection and the post-reconnection prefactors of this scaling law are different, a property related to irreversibility and to energy transfer and dissipation mechanisms. In the present work, we determine the temperature dependence of these prefactors in superfluid helium from experiments and a numeric model which fully accounts for the coupled dynamics of the superfluid vortex lines and the thermal normal fluid component. At all temperatures, we observe a pre- and post-reconnection asymmetry similar to that observed in other superfluids and in classical viscous fluids, indicating that vortex reconnections display a universal behaviour independent of the small-scale regularising dynamics. We also numerically show that each vortex reconnection event represents a sudden injection of energy in the normal fluid. Finally we argue that in a turbulent flow, these punctuated energy injections can sustain the normal fluid in a perturbed state, provided that the density of superfluid vortices is large enough.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_08942
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Experimental and theoretical evidence of universality in superfluid vortex reconnections
Stasiak, Piotr Z.
Xing, Yiming
Alihosseini, Yousef
Barenghi, Carlo F.
Baggaley, Andrew
Guo, Wei
Galantucci, Luca
Krstulovic, Giorgio
Quantum Gases
Other Condensed Matter
Superconductivity
Fluid Dynamics
The minimum separation between reconnecting vortices in fluids and superfluids obeys a universal scaling law with respect to time. The pre-reconnection and the post-reconnection prefactors of this scaling law are different, a property related to irreversibility and to energy transfer and dissipation mechanisms. In the present work, we determine the temperature dependence of these prefactors in superfluid helium from experiments and a numeric model which fully accounts for the coupled dynamics of the superfluid vortex lines and the thermal normal fluid component. At all temperatures, we observe a pre- and post-reconnection asymmetry similar to that observed in other superfluids and in classical viscous fluids, indicating that vortex reconnections display a universal behaviour independent of the small-scale regularising dynamics. We also numerically show that each vortex reconnection event represents a sudden injection of energy in the normal fluid. Finally we argue that in a turbulent flow, these punctuated energy injections can sustain the normal fluid in a perturbed state, provided that the density of superfluid vortices is large enough.
title Experimental and theoretical evidence of universality in superfluid vortex reconnections
topic Quantum Gases
Other Condensed Matter
Superconductivity
Fluid Dynamics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.08942