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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.09139 |
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| _version_ | 1866908918018473984 |
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| author | Lacey, Roy A. |
| author_facet | Lacey, Roy A. |
| contents | Finite-size scaling (FSS) is applied to net-baryon cumulant ratios $C_2/C_1$, $C_3/C_2$, $C_4/C_2$, $C_3/C_1$, and $C_4/C_1$ measured in Au+Au collisions over the Beam Energy Scan Phase~I range $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=7.7$--$200$~GeV to constrain the location and universality class of the QCD critical end point (CEP). Although finite-size and finite-time effects suppress non-monotonic signatures in unscaled data, the FSS analysis reveals a collapse of measurements from different beam energies and centralities onto universal scaling functions. All cumulant ratios collapse under a single, common set of critical exponents and exhibit divergence patterns characteristic o 3D Ising critical behavior. The scaling results indicate a CEP at $\sqrt{s}_{\rm CEP}\approx33.0$~GeV, corresponding to $μ_{B,\rm CEP}\approx130$~MeV and $T_{\rm CEP}\approx158.5$~MeV. These findings demonstrate that finite-size scaling provides a robust, model-independent framework for accessing critical behavior in finite, dynamically evolving systems, where non-equilibrium baryon-number transport can enhance the experimental visibility of susceptibility-driven fluctuations without modifying the underlying universality class. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_09139 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Probing the QCD Critical End Point with Finite-Size Scaling of Net-Baryon Cumulant Ratios Lacey, Roy A. Nuclear Experiment High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Theory Nuclear Theory Finite-size scaling (FSS) is applied to net-baryon cumulant ratios $C_2/C_1$, $C_3/C_2$, $C_4/C_2$, $C_3/C_1$, and $C_4/C_1$ measured in Au+Au collisions over the Beam Energy Scan Phase~I range $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=7.7$--$200$~GeV to constrain the location and universality class of the QCD critical end point (CEP). Although finite-size and finite-time effects suppress non-monotonic signatures in unscaled data, the FSS analysis reveals a collapse of measurements from different beam energies and centralities onto universal scaling functions. All cumulant ratios collapse under a single, common set of critical exponents and exhibit divergence patterns characteristic o 3D Ising critical behavior. The scaling results indicate a CEP at $\sqrt{s}_{\rm CEP}\approx33.0$~GeV, corresponding to $μ_{B,\rm CEP}\approx130$~MeV and $T_{\rm CEP}\approx158.5$~MeV. These findings demonstrate that finite-size scaling provides a robust, model-independent framework for accessing critical behavior in finite, dynamically evolving systems, where non-equilibrium baryon-number transport can enhance the experimental visibility of susceptibility-driven fluctuations without modifying the underlying universality class. |
| title | Probing the QCD Critical End Point with Finite-Size Scaling of Net-Baryon Cumulant Ratios |
| topic | Nuclear Experiment High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Theory Nuclear Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.09139 |