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Hauptverfasser: Wu, Ethan, Ellington, Caleb, Lengerich, Ben, Xing, Eric P.
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2024
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Online-Zugang:https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.10645
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author Wu, Ethan
Ellington, Caleb
Lengerich, Ben
Xing, Eric P.
author_facet Wu, Ethan
Ellington, Caleb
Lengerich, Ben
Xing, Eric P.
contents Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health challenge, and is compounded by co-morbidities such as HIV, diabetes, and anemia, which complicate treatment outcomes and contribute to heterogeneous patient responses. Traditional models of TB often overlook this heterogeneity by focusing on broad, pre-defined patient groups, thereby missing the nuanced effects of individual patient contexts. We propose moving beyond coarse subgroup analyses by using contextualized modeling, a multi-task learning approach that encodes patient context into personalized models of treatment effects, revealing patient-specific treatment benefits. Applied to the TB Portals dataset with multi-modal measurements for over 3,000 TB patients, our model reveals structured interactions between co-morbidities, treatments, and patient outcomes, identifying anemia, age of onset, and HIV as influential for treatment efficacy. By enhancing predictive accuracy in heterogeneous populations and providing patient-specific insights, contextualized models promise to enable new approaches to personalized treatment.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_10645
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Patient-Specific Models of Treatment Effects Explain Heterogeneity in Tuberculosis
Wu, Ethan
Ellington, Caleb
Lengerich, Ben
Xing, Eric P.
Machine Learning
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health challenge, and is compounded by co-morbidities such as HIV, diabetes, and anemia, which complicate treatment outcomes and contribute to heterogeneous patient responses. Traditional models of TB often overlook this heterogeneity by focusing on broad, pre-defined patient groups, thereby missing the nuanced effects of individual patient contexts. We propose moving beyond coarse subgroup analyses by using contextualized modeling, a multi-task learning approach that encodes patient context into personalized models of treatment effects, revealing patient-specific treatment benefits. Applied to the TB Portals dataset with multi-modal measurements for over 3,000 TB patients, our model reveals structured interactions between co-morbidities, treatments, and patient outcomes, identifying anemia, age of onset, and HIV as influential for treatment efficacy. By enhancing predictive accuracy in heterogeneous populations and providing patient-specific insights, contextualized models promise to enable new approaches to personalized treatment.
title Patient-Specific Models of Treatment Effects Explain Heterogeneity in Tuberculosis
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.10645