LLäMmlein: Transparent, Compact and Competitive German-Only Language Models from Scratch

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Pfister, Jan, Wunderle, Julia, Hotho, Andreas
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2024
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author Pfister, Jan
Wunderle, Julia
Hotho, Andreas
author_facet Pfister, Jan
Wunderle, Julia
Hotho, Andreas
contents We create two German-only decoder models, LLäMmlein 120M and 1B, transparently from scratch and publish them, along with the training data, for the German NLP research community to use. The model training involved several key steps, including extensive data preprocessing, the creation of a custom German tokenizer, the training itself, as well as the evaluation of the final models on various benchmarks. Throughout the training process, multiple checkpoints were saved and analyzed using the SuperGLEBer benchmark to monitor the models' learning dynamics. Compared to state-of-the-art models on the SuperGLEBer benchmark, both LLäMmlein models performed competitively, consistently matching or surpassing models with similar parameter sizes. The results show that the models' quality scales with size as expected, but performance improvements on some tasks plateaued early, offering valuable insights into resource allocation for future model development.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_11171
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle LLäMmlein: Transparent, Compact and Competitive German-Only Language Models from Scratch
Pfister, Jan
Wunderle, Julia
Hotho, Andreas
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
We create two German-only decoder models, LLäMmlein 120M and 1B, transparently from scratch and publish them, along with the training data, for the German NLP research community to use. The model training involved several key steps, including extensive data preprocessing, the creation of a custom German tokenizer, the training itself, as well as the evaluation of the final models on various benchmarks. Throughout the training process, multiple checkpoints were saved and analyzed using the SuperGLEBer benchmark to monitor the models' learning dynamics. Compared to state-of-the-art models on the SuperGLEBer benchmark, both LLäMmlein models performed competitively, consistently matching or surpassing models with similar parameter sizes. The results show that the models' quality scales with size as expected, but performance improvements on some tasks plateaued early, offering valuable insights into resource allocation for future model development.
title LLäMmlein: Transparent, Compact and Competitive German-Only Language Models from Scratch
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.11171