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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.11503 |
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| _version_ | 1866914006592126976 |
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| author | Finneran, Gabriel Cotter, Laura Martin-Carrillo, Antonio |
| author_facet | Finneran, Gabriel Cotter, Laura Martin-Carrillo, Antonio |
| contents | More than 60 broad-lined type Ic (Ic-BL) supernovae (SNe) are associated with a long gamma-ray burst (GRB). However, many type Ic-BL SNe exhibit no sign of an associated GRB. On average, the expansion velocities of GRB-associated type Ic-BL SNe (GRB-SNe) are greater than those of type Ic-BL SNe without an associated GRB. This work presents the largest spectroscopic sample of type Ic-BL SNe with and without GRBs to date, consisting of 61 ordinary type Ic-BL SNe and 13 GRB-SNe. The goal of this work is to compare the evolution of SN expansion velocities in cases where an ultra-relativistic jet has been launched (GRB-SNe) and cases where no GRB jet is inferred from observations (ordinary type Ic-BL SNe), to search for possible jet influences. To do this we measured the expansion velocities of the Fe II and Si II features observed in the spectra of type Ic-BL SNe using a spline fitting method and fitted the velocity evolution with single and broken power-laws. In each analysis we compared two populations: ordinary type Ic-BL SNe and GRB-SNe. We find that the expansion velocities of the Fe II and Si II features are similar between these populations, in contrast with previous studies. The Fe II and Si II power-law indices indicate that GRB-SNe decline at similar rates to ordinary type Ic-BL supernovae. Broken power-law evolution appears to be more common for the Si II feature. This observation may hint at a two-component ejecta model, such as a GRB jet or a cocoon. Neither the velocities nor their evolution can be used to distinguish between ordinary type Ic-BL SNe and GRB-SNe. Velocities consistent with broken power-law evolution may indicate the presence of a GRB jet in some of these ordinary type Ic-BL SNe, but this is likely not as robust as late-time radio surveys. These results suggest that GRB-SNe and ordinary type Ic-BL SNe are drawn from the same underlying population of events. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_11503 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Velocity evolution of broad-lined type-Ic supernovae with and without gamma-ray bursts Finneran, Gabriel Cotter, Laura Martin-Carrillo, Antonio High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena More than 60 broad-lined type Ic (Ic-BL) supernovae (SNe) are associated with a long gamma-ray burst (GRB). However, many type Ic-BL SNe exhibit no sign of an associated GRB. On average, the expansion velocities of GRB-associated type Ic-BL SNe (GRB-SNe) are greater than those of type Ic-BL SNe without an associated GRB. This work presents the largest spectroscopic sample of type Ic-BL SNe with and without GRBs to date, consisting of 61 ordinary type Ic-BL SNe and 13 GRB-SNe. The goal of this work is to compare the evolution of SN expansion velocities in cases where an ultra-relativistic jet has been launched (GRB-SNe) and cases where no GRB jet is inferred from observations (ordinary type Ic-BL SNe), to search for possible jet influences. To do this we measured the expansion velocities of the Fe II and Si II features observed in the spectra of type Ic-BL SNe using a spline fitting method and fitted the velocity evolution with single and broken power-laws. In each analysis we compared two populations: ordinary type Ic-BL SNe and GRB-SNe. We find that the expansion velocities of the Fe II and Si II features are similar between these populations, in contrast with previous studies. The Fe II and Si II power-law indices indicate that GRB-SNe decline at similar rates to ordinary type Ic-BL supernovae. Broken power-law evolution appears to be more common for the Si II feature. This observation may hint at a two-component ejecta model, such as a GRB jet or a cocoon. Neither the velocities nor their evolution can be used to distinguish between ordinary type Ic-BL SNe and GRB-SNe. Velocities consistent with broken power-law evolution may indicate the presence of a GRB jet in some of these ordinary type Ic-BL SNe, but this is likely not as robust as late-time radio surveys. These results suggest that GRB-SNe and ordinary type Ic-BL SNe are drawn from the same underlying population of events. |
| title | Velocity evolution of broad-lined type-Ic supernovae with and without gamma-ray bursts |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.11503 |