High-energy interactions of charged black holes in full general relativity I: Zoom-whirl orbits and universality with the irreducible mass
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2024
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| _version_ | 1866913580282019840 |
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| author | Smith, M A. M. Paschalidis, Vasileios Bozzola, Gabriele |
| author_facet | Smith, M A. M. Paschalidis, Vasileios Bozzola, Gabriele |
| contents | We simulate high-energy scattering of equal-mass, nonspinning black holes endowed with like charges in full general relativity while varying the impact parameter $b$. We show that electrodynamics does not suppress zoom-whirl orbits for at least charge-to-mass ratios $λ= 0.1, 0.4, 0.6$. However, we find that as $λ$ increases, the immediate merger and scattering thresholds defining the zoom-whirl regime move to smaller impact parameter $b/M_{\rm ADM}$, with $M_{\rm ADM}$ designating the binary black hole gravitational mass. This demonstrates that charge leaves observable imprints in key properties at energy scales where charge has negligible influence in head-on collisions. Additionally, we find that these threshold impact parameters become universal, i.e., charge-independent, when we normalize $b$ by the sum of the initial BH irreducible masses in the binary ($b/M_{\rm irr}$). This is the first explicit demonstration that the irreducible mass, which is proportional to the black hole areal radius, defines a fundamental gauge-invariant length scale governing horizon scale scattering events in the strong-field, dynamical spacetime regime. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_11960 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | High-energy interactions of charged black holes in full general relativity I: Zoom-whirl orbits and universality with the irreducible mass Smith, M A. M. Paschalidis, Vasileios Bozzola, Gabriele General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory We simulate high-energy scattering of equal-mass, nonspinning black holes endowed with like charges in full general relativity while varying the impact parameter $b$. We show that electrodynamics does not suppress zoom-whirl orbits for at least charge-to-mass ratios $λ= 0.1, 0.4, 0.6$. However, we find that as $λ$ increases, the immediate merger and scattering thresholds defining the zoom-whirl regime move to smaller impact parameter $b/M_{\rm ADM}$, with $M_{\rm ADM}$ designating the binary black hole gravitational mass. This demonstrates that charge leaves observable imprints in key properties at energy scales where charge has negligible influence in head-on collisions. Additionally, we find that these threshold impact parameters become universal, i.e., charge-independent, when we normalize $b$ by the sum of the initial BH irreducible masses in the binary ($b/M_{\rm irr}$). This is the first explicit demonstration that the irreducible mass, which is proportional to the black hole areal radius, defines a fundamental gauge-invariant length scale governing horizon scale scattering events in the strong-field, dynamical spacetime regime. |
| title | High-energy interactions of charged black holes in full general relativity I: Zoom-whirl orbits and universality with the irreducible mass |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.11960 |