Low-Contrast BIC Metasurfaces with Quality Factors Exceeding 100,000
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Watanabe, Keisuke Nagao, Tadaaki Iwanaga, Masanobu |
| author_facet | Watanabe, Keisuke Nagao, Tadaaki Iwanaga, Masanobu |
| contents | Dielectric metasurfaces operating at quasi-bound states in the continuum (qBICs) can achieve exceptionally high radiative quality ($\textit{Q}$) factors by introducing small asymmetries into their unit cells. However, fabrication imperfections often impose major limitations on the experimentally observed $\textit{Q}$ factors. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate BIC metasurfaces with a record-high $\textit{Q}$ factor of 101,486 under normal excitation of light in the telecom wavelength range achieved by employing low-contrast silicon pairs. Our findings show that such ultrahigh-$\textit{Q}$ factors can be attained by leveraging both the high radiative $\textit{Q}$ factors of higher-order qBIC modes and reduced scattering losses in shallow-etched designs. Additionally, we demonstrate stable sub-picometer-level wavelength fluctuations in water, with a limit of detection of $10^{-5}$ for environmental refractive index changes. The proposed approach can be extended to BIC metasurfaces with many other configurations and operating wavelengths for ultrahigh-$\textit{Q}$ applications in both fundamental physics and advanced devices. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_14101 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Low-Contrast BIC Metasurfaces with Quality Factors Exceeding 100,000 Watanabe, Keisuke Nagao, Tadaaki Iwanaga, Masanobu Optics Applied Physics Dielectric metasurfaces operating at quasi-bound states in the continuum (qBICs) can achieve exceptionally high radiative quality ($\textit{Q}$) factors by introducing small asymmetries into their unit cells. However, fabrication imperfections often impose major limitations on the experimentally observed $\textit{Q}$ factors. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate BIC metasurfaces with a record-high $\textit{Q}$ factor of 101,486 under normal excitation of light in the telecom wavelength range achieved by employing low-contrast silicon pairs. Our findings show that such ultrahigh-$\textit{Q}$ factors can be attained by leveraging both the high radiative $\textit{Q}$ factors of higher-order qBIC modes and reduced scattering losses in shallow-etched designs. Additionally, we demonstrate stable sub-picometer-level wavelength fluctuations in water, with a limit of detection of $10^{-5}$ for environmental refractive index changes. The proposed approach can be extended to BIC metasurfaces with many other configurations and operating wavelengths for ultrahigh-$\textit{Q}$ applications in both fundamental physics and advanced devices. |
| title | Low-Contrast BIC Metasurfaces with Quality Factors Exceeding 100,000 |
| topic | Optics Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.14101 |