_version_ 1866916497924816896
author Barber, Madyson G.
Mann, Andrew W.
Vanderburg, Andrew
Krolikowski, Daniel
Kraus, Adam
Ansdell, Megan
Pearce, Logan
Mace, Gregory N.
Andrews, Sean M.
Boyle, Andrew W.
Collins, Karen A.
De Furio, Matthew
Dragomir, Diana
Espaillat, Catherine
Feinstein, Adina D.
Fields, Matthew
Jaffe, Daniel
Murillo, Ana Isabel Lopez
Murgas, Felipe
Newton, Elisabeth R.
Palle, Enric
Sawczynec, Erica
Schwarz, Richard P.
Thao, Pa Chia
Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
Watkins, Cristilyn N.
Jenkins, Jon M.
Latham, David W.
Ricker, George
Seager, Sara
Vanderspek, Roland
Winn, Joshua N.
Charbonneau, David
Essack, Zahra
Rodriguez, David R.
Shporer, Avi
Twicken, Joseph D.
Villaseñor, Jesus Noel
author_facet Barber, Madyson G.
Mann, Andrew W.
Vanderburg, Andrew
Krolikowski, Daniel
Kraus, Adam
Ansdell, Megan
Pearce, Logan
Mace, Gregory N.
Andrews, Sean M.
Boyle, Andrew W.
Collins, Karen A.
De Furio, Matthew
Dragomir, Diana
Espaillat, Catherine
Feinstein, Adina D.
Fields, Matthew
Jaffe, Daniel
Murillo, Ana Isabel Lopez
Murgas, Felipe
Newton, Elisabeth R.
Palle, Enric
Sawczynec, Erica
Schwarz, Richard P.
Thao, Pa Chia
Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
Watkins, Cristilyn N.
Jenkins, Jon M.
Latham, David W.
Ricker, George
Seager, Sara
Vanderspek, Roland
Winn, Joshua N.
Charbonneau, David
Essack, Zahra
Rodriguez, David R.
Shporer, Avi
Twicken, Joseph D.
Villaseñor, Jesus Noel
contents Astronomers have found more than a dozen planets transiting 10-40 million year old stars, but even younger transiting planets have remained elusive. A possible reason for the lack of such discoveries is that newly formed planets are not yet in a configuration that would be recognized as a transiting planet or cannot exhibit transits because our view is blocked by a protoplanetary disk. However, we now know that many outer disks are warped; provided the inner disk is depleted, transiting planets may thus be visible. Here we report the observations of the transiting planet IRAS 04125+2902 b orbiting a 3 Myr, 0.7 M$_\odot$, pre-main sequence star in the Taurus Molecular Cloud. IRAS 04125+2902 hosts a nearly face-on (i $\sim$ 30$^\circ$) transitional disk and a wide binary companion. The planet has a period of 8.83 days, a radius of 10.9 R$_\oplus$ (0.97R$_J$), and a 95%-confidence upper limit on its mass of 90M$_\oplus$ (0.3M$_J$) from radial velocity measurements, making it a possible precursor of the super-Earths and sub-Neptunes that are commonly found around main-sequence stars. The rotational broadening of the star and the orbit of the wide (4", 635 AU) companion are both consistent with edge-on orientations. Thus, all components of the system appear to be aligned except the outer disk; the origin of this misalignment is unclear. Given the rare set of circumstances required to detect a transiting planet at ages when the disk is still present, IRAS 04125+2902 b likely provides a unique window into sub-Neptunes immediately following formation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2411_18683
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A giant planet transiting a 3-Myr protostar with a misaligned disk
Barber, Madyson G.
Mann, Andrew W.
Vanderburg, Andrew
Krolikowski, Daniel
Kraus, Adam
Ansdell, Megan
Pearce, Logan
Mace, Gregory N.
Andrews, Sean M.
Boyle, Andrew W.
Collins, Karen A.
De Furio, Matthew
Dragomir, Diana
Espaillat, Catherine
Feinstein, Adina D.
Fields, Matthew
Jaffe, Daniel
Murillo, Ana Isabel Lopez
Murgas, Felipe
Newton, Elisabeth R.
Palle, Enric
Sawczynec, Erica
Schwarz, Richard P.
Thao, Pa Chia
Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
Watkins, Cristilyn N.
Jenkins, Jon M.
Latham, David W.
Ricker, George
Seager, Sara
Vanderspek, Roland
Winn, Joshua N.
Charbonneau, David
Essack, Zahra
Rodriguez, David R.
Shporer, Avi
Twicken, Joseph D.
Villaseñor, Jesus Noel
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Astronomers have found more than a dozen planets transiting 10-40 million year old stars, but even younger transiting planets have remained elusive. A possible reason for the lack of such discoveries is that newly formed planets are not yet in a configuration that would be recognized as a transiting planet or cannot exhibit transits because our view is blocked by a protoplanetary disk. However, we now know that many outer disks are warped; provided the inner disk is depleted, transiting planets may thus be visible. Here we report the observations of the transiting planet IRAS 04125+2902 b orbiting a 3 Myr, 0.7 M$_\odot$, pre-main sequence star in the Taurus Molecular Cloud. IRAS 04125+2902 hosts a nearly face-on (i $\sim$ 30$^\circ$) transitional disk and a wide binary companion. The planet has a period of 8.83 days, a radius of 10.9 R$_\oplus$ (0.97R$_J$), and a 95%-confidence upper limit on its mass of 90M$_\oplus$ (0.3M$_J$) from radial velocity measurements, making it a possible precursor of the super-Earths and sub-Neptunes that are commonly found around main-sequence stars. The rotational broadening of the star and the orbit of the wide (4", 635 AU) companion are both consistent with edge-on orientations. Thus, all components of the system appear to be aligned except the outer disk; the origin of this misalignment is unclear. Given the rare set of circumstances required to detect a transiting planet at ages when the disk is still present, IRAS 04125+2902 b likely provides a unique window into sub-Neptunes immediately following formation.
title A giant planet transiting a 3-Myr protostar with a misaligned disk
topic Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.18683