_version_ 1866909463643947008
author Wake, Alan
Chen, Bei
Lv, C. X.
Li, Chao
Huang, Chengen
Cai, Chenglin
Zheng, Chujie
Cooper, Daniel
Zhou, Fan
Hu, Feng
Zhang, Ge
Wang, Guoyin
Ji, Heng
Qiu, Howard
Zhu, Jiangcheng
Tian, Jun
Su, Katherine
Zhang, Lihuan
Li, Liying
Song, Ming
Li, Mou
Liu, Peng
Hu, Qicheng
Wang, Shawn
Zhou, Shijun
Yang, Shiming
Li, Shiyong
Zhu, Tianhang
Xie, Wen
Huang, Wenhao
He, Xiang
Chen, Xiaobo
Hu, Xiaohui
Ren, Xiaoyi
Niu, Xinyao
Li, Yanpeng
Zhao, Yongke
Luo, Yongzhen
Xu, Yuchi
Sha, Yuxuan
Yan, Zhaodong
Liu, Zhiyuan
Zhang, Zirui
Dai, Zonghong
author_facet Wake, Alan
Chen, Bei
Lv, C. X.
Li, Chao
Huang, Chengen
Cai, Chenglin
Zheng, Chujie
Cooper, Daniel
Zhou, Fan
Hu, Feng
Zhang, Ge
Wang, Guoyin
Ji, Heng
Qiu, Howard
Zhu, Jiangcheng
Tian, Jun
Su, Katherine
Zhang, Lihuan
Li, Liying
Song, Ming
Li, Mou
Liu, Peng
Hu, Qicheng
Wang, Shawn
Zhou, Shijun
Yang, Shiming
Li, Shiyong
Zhu, Tianhang
Xie, Wen
Huang, Wenhao
He, Xiang
Chen, Xiaobo
Hu, Xiaohui
Ren, Xiaoyi
Niu, Xinyao
Li, Yanpeng
Zhao, Yongke
Luo, Yongzhen
Xu, Yuchi
Sha, Yuxuan
Yan, Zhaodong
Liu, Zhiyuan
Zhang, Zirui
Dai, Zonghong
contents This technical report presents Yi-Lightning, our latest flagship large language model (LLM). It achieves exceptional performance, ranking 6th overall on Chatbot Arena, with particularly strong results (2nd to 4th place) in specialized categories including Chinese, Math, Coding, and Hard Prompts. Yi-Lightning leverages an enhanced Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture, featuring advanced expert segmentation and routing mechanisms coupled with optimized KV-caching techniques. Our development process encompasses comprehensive pre-training, supervised fine-tuning (SFT), and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), where we devise deliberate strategies for multi-stage training, synthetic data construction, and reward modeling. Furthermore, we implement RAISE (Responsible AI Safety Engine), a four-component framework to address safety issues across pre-training, post-training, and serving phases. Empowered by our scalable super-computing infrastructure, all these innovations substantially reduce training, deployment and inference costs while maintaining high-performance standards. With further evaluations on public academic benchmarks, Yi-Lightning demonstrates competitive performance against top-tier LLMs, while we observe a notable disparity between traditional, static benchmark results and real-world, dynamic human preferences. This observation prompts a critical reassessment of conventional benchmarks' utility in guiding the development of more intelligent and powerful AI systems for practical applications. Yi-Lightning is now available through our developer platform at https://platform.lingyiwanwu.com.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2412_01253
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Yi-Lightning Technical Report
Wake, Alan
Chen, Bei
Lv, C. X.
Li, Chao
Huang, Chengen
Cai, Chenglin
Zheng, Chujie
Cooper, Daniel
Zhou, Fan
Hu, Feng
Zhang, Ge
Wang, Guoyin
Ji, Heng
Qiu, Howard
Zhu, Jiangcheng
Tian, Jun
Su, Katherine
Zhang, Lihuan
Li, Liying
Song, Ming
Li, Mou
Liu, Peng
Hu, Qicheng
Wang, Shawn
Zhou, Shijun
Yang, Shiming
Li, Shiyong
Zhu, Tianhang
Xie, Wen
Huang, Wenhao
He, Xiang
Chen, Xiaobo
Hu, Xiaohui
Ren, Xiaoyi
Niu, Xinyao
Li, Yanpeng
Zhao, Yongke
Luo, Yongzhen
Xu, Yuchi
Sha, Yuxuan
Yan, Zhaodong
Liu, Zhiyuan
Zhang, Zirui
Dai, Zonghong
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
This technical report presents Yi-Lightning, our latest flagship large language model (LLM). It achieves exceptional performance, ranking 6th overall on Chatbot Arena, with particularly strong results (2nd to 4th place) in specialized categories including Chinese, Math, Coding, and Hard Prompts. Yi-Lightning leverages an enhanced Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture, featuring advanced expert segmentation and routing mechanisms coupled with optimized KV-caching techniques. Our development process encompasses comprehensive pre-training, supervised fine-tuning (SFT), and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), where we devise deliberate strategies for multi-stage training, synthetic data construction, and reward modeling. Furthermore, we implement RAISE (Responsible AI Safety Engine), a four-component framework to address safety issues across pre-training, post-training, and serving phases. Empowered by our scalable super-computing infrastructure, all these innovations substantially reduce training, deployment and inference costs while maintaining high-performance standards. With further evaluations on public academic benchmarks, Yi-Lightning demonstrates competitive performance against top-tier LLMs, while we observe a notable disparity between traditional, static benchmark results and real-world, dynamic human preferences. This observation prompts a critical reassessment of conventional benchmarks' utility in guiding the development of more intelligent and powerful AI systems for practical applications. Yi-Lightning is now available through our developer platform at https://platform.lingyiwanwu.com.
title Yi-Lightning Technical Report
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.01253