Dissipative Dynamical Phase Transition as a Complex Ising Model

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Yan, Stephen W., Barberena, Diego, Fisher, Matthew P. A., Vijay, Sagar
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Yan, Stephen W.
Barberena, Diego
Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Vijay, Sagar
author_facet Yan, Stephen W.
Barberena, Diego
Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Vijay, Sagar
contents We investigate a quantum dynamical phase transition induced by the competition between local unitary evolution and dissipation in a qubit chain with a strong, on-site $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. While the steady-state of this evolution is always maximally-mixed, we show that the dynamical behavior of certain non-local observables on the approach to this steady-state is dictated by a quantum Ising model with a $\textit{complex}$ transverse-field (cTFIM). We investigate these observables analytically, uncovering a dynamical phase transition as the relative rate of unitary evolution and dissipation is tuned. We show that the weak-dissipation limit corresponds to a cTFIM with a large magnitude of the imaginary transverse-field, for which the many-body "ground-state" (with smallest real eigenvalue) is gapless, exhibiting quasi-long-range correlations of the local magnetization with a continuously-varying exponent. Correspondingly, the dynamics of the non-local observables show oscillatory behavior with an amplitude decaying exponentially in time. The strong-dissipation limit corresponds to a gapped ferromagnetic phase of the cTFIM, and non-local observables show exponential decay on the approach to equilibrium. This transition in (1+1)-dimensions has a peculiar, "two-sided" nature appearing as either first- or second-order depending on the phase from which the transition is approached, an analytic result which is corroborated by numerical studies. In higher dimensions, we present a field-theoretic understanding of the first-order nature of this transition, when approaching from the ferromagnetic phase of the cTFIM, though the nature of the phase with large imaginary transverse-field remains to be understood.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2412_09591
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Dissipative Dynamical Phase Transition as a Complex Ising Model
Yan, Stephen W.
Barberena, Diego
Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Vijay, Sagar
Quantum Physics
Statistical Mechanics
Strongly Correlated Electrons
We investigate a quantum dynamical phase transition induced by the competition between local unitary evolution and dissipation in a qubit chain with a strong, on-site $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. While the steady-state of this evolution is always maximally-mixed, we show that the dynamical behavior of certain non-local observables on the approach to this steady-state is dictated by a quantum Ising model with a $\textit{complex}$ transverse-field (cTFIM). We investigate these observables analytically, uncovering a dynamical phase transition as the relative rate of unitary evolution and dissipation is tuned. We show that the weak-dissipation limit corresponds to a cTFIM with a large magnitude of the imaginary transverse-field, for which the many-body "ground-state" (with smallest real eigenvalue) is gapless, exhibiting quasi-long-range correlations of the local magnetization with a continuously-varying exponent. Correspondingly, the dynamics of the non-local observables show oscillatory behavior with an amplitude decaying exponentially in time. The strong-dissipation limit corresponds to a gapped ferromagnetic phase of the cTFIM, and non-local observables show exponential decay on the approach to equilibrium. This transition in (1+1)-dimensions has a peculiar, "two-sided" nature appearing as either first- or second-order depending on the phase from which the transition is approached, an analytic result which is corroborated by numerical studies. In higher dimensions, we present a field-theoretic understanding of the first-order nature of this transition, when approaching from the ferromagnetic phase of the cTFIM, though the nature of the phase with large imaginary transverse-field remains to be understood.
title Dissipative Dynamical Phase Transition as a Complex Ising Model
topic Quantum Physics
Statistical Mechanics
Strongly Correlated Electrons
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.09591