Combined analysis of the 12.8 and 15 $μm$ JWST/MIRI eclipse observations of TRAPPIST-1 b
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Ducrot, Elsa Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Min, Michiel Gillon, Michael Bell, Taylor J. Tremblin, Pascal Greene, Thomas Dyrek, Achrene Bouwman, Jeroen Waters, Rens Gudel, Manuel Henning, Thomas Vandenbussche, Bart Absil, Olivier Barrado, David Boccaletti, Anthony Coulais, Alain Decin, Leen Edwards, Billy Gastaud, Rene Glasse, Alistair Kendrew, Sarah Olofsson, Goran Patapis, Polychronis Pye, John Rouan, Daniel Whiteford, Niall Argyriou, Ioannis Cossou, Christophe Glauser, Adrian M. Krause, Oliver Lahuis, Fred Royer, Pierre Scheithauer, Silvia Colina, Luis van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Ostlin, Goran Ray, Tom P. Wright, Gillian |
| author_facet | Ducrot, Elsa Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Min, Michiel Gillon, Michael Bell, Taylor J. Tremblin, Pascal Greene, Thomas Dyrek, Achrene Bouwman, Jeroen Waters, Rens Gudel, Manuel Henning, Thomas Vandenbussche, Bart Absil, Olivier Barrado, David Boccaletti, Anthony Coulais, Alain Decin, Leen Edwards, Billy Gastaud, Rene Glasse, Alistair Kendrew, Sarah Olofsson, Goran Patapis, Polychronis Pye, John Rouan, Daniel Whiteford, Niall Argyriou, Ioannis Cossou, Christophe Glauser, Adrian M. Krause, Oliver Lahuis, Fred Royer, Pierre Scheithauer, Silvia Colina, Luis van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Ostlin, Goran Ray, Tom P. Wright, Gillian |
| contents | The first JWST/MIRI photometric observations of TRAPPIST-1 b allowed for the detection of the thermal emission of the planet at 15 $μm$, suggesting that the planet could be a bare rock with a zero albedo and no redistribution of heat. These observations at 15 $μm$ were acquired as part of GTO time that included a twin program at 12.8 $μm$ in order to have a measurement in and outside the CO$_2$ absorption band. Here we present five new occultations of TRAPPIST-1 b observed with MIRI in an additional photometric band at 12.8 $μm$. We perform a global fit of the 10 eclipses and derive a planet-to-star flux ratio and 1-$σ$ error of 452 $\pm$ 86 ppm and 775 $\pm$ 90 ppm at 12.8 $μm$ and 15 $μm$, respectively.
We find that two main scenarios emerge. An airless planet model with an unweathered (fresh) ultramafic surface, that could be indicative of relatively recent geological processes fits well the data. Alternatively, a thick, pure-CO2 atmosphere with photochemical hazes that create a temperature inversion and result in the CO2 feature being seen in emission also works, although with some caveats. Our results highlight the challenges in accurately determining a planet's atmospheric or surface nature solely from broadband filter measurements of its emission, but also point towards two very interesting scenarios that will be further investigated with the forthcoming phase curve of TRAPPIST-1 b. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2412_11627 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Combined analysis of the 12.8 and 15 $μm$ JWST/MIRI eclipse observations of TRAPPIST-1 b Ducrot, Elsa Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Min, Michiel Gillon, Michael Bell, Taylor J. Tremblin, Pascal Greene, Thomas Dyrek, Achrene Bouwman, Jeroen Waters, Rens Gudel, Manuel Henning, Thomas Vandenbussche, Bart Absil, Olivier Barrado, David Boccaletti, Anthony Coulais, Alain Decin, Leen Edwards, Billy Gastaud, Rene Glasse, Alistair Kendrew, Sarah Olofsson, Goran Patapis, Polychronis Pye, John Rouan, Daniel Whiteford, Niall Argyriou, Ioannis Cossou, Christophe Glauser, Adrian M. Krause, Oliver Lahuis, Fred Royer, Pierre Scheithauer, Silvia Colina, Luis van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Ostlin, Goran Ray, Tom P. Wright, Gillian Earth and Planetary Astrophysics The first JWST/MIRI photometric observations of TRAPPIST-1 b allowed for the detection of the thermal emission of the planet at 15 $μm$, suggesting that the planet could be a bare rock with a zero albedo and no redistribution of heat. These observations at 15 $μm$ were acquired as part of GTO time that included a twin program at 12.8 $μm$ in order to have a measurement in and outside the CO$_2$ absorption band. Here we present five new occultations of TRAPPIST-1 b observed with MIRI in an additional photometric band at 12.8 $μm$. We perform a global fit of the 10 eclipses and derive a planet-to-star flux ratio and 1-$σ$ error of 452 $\pm$ 86 ppm and 775 $\pm$ 90 ppm at 12.8 $μm$ and 15 $μm$, respectively. We find that two main scenarios emerge. An airless planet model with an unweathered (fresh) ultramafic surface, that could be indicative of relatively recent geological processes fits well the data. Alternatively, a thick, pure-CO2 atmosphere with photochemical hazes that create a temperature inversion and result in the CO2 feature being seen in emission also works, although with some caveats. Our results highlight the challenges in accurately determining a planet's atmospheric or surface nature solely from broadband filter measurements of its emission, but also point towards two very interesting scenarios that will be further investigated with the forthcoming phase curve of TRAPPIST-1 b. |
| title | Combined analysis of the 12.8 and 15 $μm$ JWST/MIRI eclipse observations of TRAPPIST-1 b |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.11627 |