Sun-like stars produce superflares roughly once per century
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866910747967094784 |
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| author | Vasilyev, Valeriy Reinhold, Timo Shapiro, Alexander I. Usoskin, Ilya Krivova, Natalie A. Maehara, Hiroyuki Notsu, Yuta Brun, Allan Sacha Solanki, Sami K. Gizon, Laurent |
| author_facet | Vasilyev, Valeriy Reinhold, Timo Shapiro, Alexander I. Usoskin, Ilya Krivova, Natalie A. Maehara, Hiroyuki Notsu, Yuta Brun, Allan Sacha Solanki, Sami K. Gizon, Laurent |
| contents | Stellar superflares are energetic outbursts of electromagnetic radiation, similar to solar flares but releasing more energy, up to $10^{36}$ erg on main sequence stars. It is unknown whether the Sun can generate superflares, and if so, how often they might occur. We used photometry from the Kepler space observatory to investigate superflares on other stars with Sun-like fundamental parameters. We identified 2889 superflares on 2527 Sun-like stars, out of 56450 observed. This detection rate indicates that superflares with energies $>10^{34}$ erg occur roughly once per century on stars with Sun-like temperature and variability. The resulting stellar superflare frequency-energy distribution is consistent with an extrapolation of the Sun's flare distribution to higher energies, so we suggest that both are generated by the same physical mechanism. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2412_12265 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Sun-like stars produce superflares roughly once per century Vasilyev, Valeriy Reinhold, Timo Shapiro, Alexander I. Usoskin, Ilya Krivova, Natalie A. Maehara, Hiroyuki Notsu, Yuta Brun, Allan Sacha Solanki, Sami K. Gizon, Laurent Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Stellar superflares are energetic outbursts of electromagnetic radiation, similar to solar flares but releasing more energy, up to $10^{36}$ erg on main sequence stars. It is unknown whether the Sun can generate superflares, and if so, how often they might occur. We used photometry from the Kepler space observatory to investigate superflares on other stars with Sun-like fundamental parameters. We identified 2889 superflares on 2527 Sun-like stars, out of 56450 observed. This detection rate indicates that superflares with energies $>10^{34}$ erg occur roughly once per century on stars with Sun-like temperature and variability. The resulting stellar superflare frequency-energy distribution is consistent with an extrapolation of the Sun's flare distribution to higher energies, so we suggest that both are generated by the same physical mechanism. |
| title | Sun-like stars produce superflares roughly once per century |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.12265 |