MINDS. JWST-MIRI reveals a peculiar CO$_2$-rich chemistry in the drift-dominated disk CX Tau
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Vlasblom, Marissa Temmink, Milou Grant, Sierra L. Kurtovic, Nicolas Sellek, Andrew D. van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Güdel, Manuel Henning, Thomas Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Barrado, David Garatti, Alessio Caratti o Glauser, Adrian M. Kamp, Inga Lahuis, Fred Olofsson, Göran Arabhavi, Aditya M. Christiaens, Valentin Gasman, Danny Jang, Hyerin Morales-Calderón, Maria Perotti, Giulia Schwarz, Kamber Tabone, Benoît |
| author_facet | Vlasblom, Marissa Temmink, Milou Grant, Sierra L. Kurtovic, Nicolas Sellek, Andrew D. van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Güdel, Manuel Henning, Thomas Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Barrado, David Garatti, Alessio Caratti o Glauser, Adrian M. Kamp, Inga Lahuis, Fred Olofsson, Göran Arabhavi, Aditya M. Christiaens, Valentin Gasman, Danny Jang, Hyerin Morales-Calderón, Maria Perotti, Giulia Schwarz, Kamber Tabone, Benoît |
| contents | Radial drift of icy pebbles can have a large impact on the chemistry of the inner regions of protoplanetary disks. Compact dust disks ($\lesssim$50 au) are suggested to have a higher (cold) H$_2$O flux than more extended disks, likely due to efficient radial drift bringing H$_2$O-rich material to the inner disk, where it can be observed with JWST. We present JWST MIRI/MRS observations of the disk CX Tau taken as a part of the Mid-INfrared Disk Survey (MINDS) GTO program, a prime example of a drift-dominated disk. This compact disk seems peculiar: the source possesses a bright CO$_2$ feature instead of the bright H$_2$O expected based on its efficient radial drift. We aim to provide an explanation for this finding. We detect molecular emission from H$_2$O, $^{12}$CO$_2$, $^{13}$CO$_2$, C$_2$H$_2$, HCN, and OH in this disk, and even demonstrate a potential detection of CO$^{18}$O. Analysis of the $^{12}$CO$_2$ and $^{13}$CO$_2$ emission shows the former to be tracing a temperature of $\sim$450 K, whereas the $^{13}$CO$_2$ traces a significantly colder temperature ($\sim$200 K). H$_2$O is also securely detected both at shorter and longer wavelengths, tracing a similar temperature of $\sim$500-600 K as the CO$_2$ emission. We also find evidence for a colder, $\sim$200 K H$_2$O component at longer wavelengths, which is in line with this disk having strong radial drift. The cold $^{13}$CO$_2$ and H$_2$O emission indicate that radial drift of ices likely plays an important role in setting the chemistry of the inner disk of CX Tau. Potentially, the H$_2$O-rich gas has already advected onto the central star, which is now followed by an enhancement of comparatively CO$_2$-rich gas reaching the inner disk, explaining the enhancement of CO$_2$ emission in CX Tau. The comparatively weaker H$_2$O emission can be explained by the source's low accretion luminosity. (abridged) |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2412_12715 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | MINDS. JWST-MIRI reveals a peculiar CO$_2$-rich chemistry in the drift-dominated disk CX Tau Vlasblom, Marissa Temmink, Milou Grant, Sierra L. Kurtovic, Nicolas Sellek, Andrew D. van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Güdel, Manuel Henning, Thomas Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Barrado, David Garatti, Alessio Caratti o Glauser, Adrian M. Kamp, Inga Lahuis, Fred Olofsson, Göran Arabhavi, Aditya M. Christiaens, Valentin Gasman, Danny Jang, Hyerin Morales-Calderón, Maria Perotti, Giulia Schwarz, Kamber Tabone, Benoît Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Radial drift of icy pebbles can have a large impact on the chemistry of the inner regions of protoplanetary disks. Compact dust disks ($\lesssim$50 au) are suggested to have a higher (cold) H$_2$O flux than more extended disks, likely due to efficient radial drift bringing H$_2$O-rich material to the inner disk, where it can be observed with JWST. We present JWST MIRI/MRS observations of the disk CX Tau taken as a part of the Mid-INfrared Disk Survey (MINDS) GTO program, a prime example of a drift-dominated disk. This compact disk seems peculiar: the source possesses a bright CO$_2$ feature instead of the bright H$_2$O expected based on its efficient radial drift. We aim to provide an explanation for this finding. We detect molecular emission from H$_2$O, $^{12}$CO$_2$, $^{13}$CO$_2$, C$_2$H$_2$, HCN, and OH in this disk, and even demonstrate a potential detection of CO$^{18}$O. Analysis of the $^{12}$CO$_2$ and $^{13}$CO$_2$ emission shows the former to be tracing a temperature of $\sim$450 K, whereas the $^{13}$CO$_2$ traces a significantly colder temperature ($\sim$200 K). H$_2$O is also securely detected both at shorter and longer wavelengths, tracing a similar temperature of $\sim$500-600 K as the CO$_2$ emission. We also find evidence for a colder, $\sim$200 K H$_2$O component at longer wavelengths, which is in line with this disk having strong radial drift. The cold $^{13}$CO$_2$ and H$_2$O emission indicate that radial drift of ices likely plays an important role in setting the chemistry of the inner disk of CX Tau. Potentially, the H$_2$O-rich gas has already advected onto the central star, which is now followed by an enhancement of comparatively CO$_2$-rich gas reaching the inner disk, explaining the enhancement of CO$_2$ emission in CX Tau. The comparatively weaker H$_2$O emission can be explained by the source's low accretion luminosity. (abridged) |
| title | MINDS. JWST-MIRI reveals a peculiar CO$_2$-rich chemistry in the drift-dominated disk CX Tau |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.12715 |