AI Apology: A Critical Review of Apology in AI Systems

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Harland, Hadassah, Dazeley, Richard, Senaratne, Hashini, Vamplew, Peter, Cruz, Francisco, Nakisa, Bahareh
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2024
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author Harland, Hadassah
Dazeley, Richard
Senaratne, Hashini
Vamplew, Peter
Cruz, Francisco
Nakisa, Bahareh
author_facet Harland, Hadassah
Dazeley, Richard
Senaratne, Hashini
Vamplew, Peter
Cruz, Francisco
Nakisa, Bahareh
contents Apologies are a powerful tool used in human-human interactions to provide affective support, regulate social processes, and exchange information following a trust violation. The emerging field of AI apology investigates the use of apologies by artificially intelligent systems, with recent research suggesting how this tool may provide similar value in human-machine interactions. Until recently, contributions to this area were sparse, and these works have yet to be synthesised into a cohesive body of knowledge. This article provides the first synthesis and critical analysis of the state of AI apology research, focusing on studies published between 2020 and 2023. We derive a framework of attributes to describe five core elements of apology: outcome, interaction, offence, recipient, and offender. With this framework as the basis for our critique, we show how apologies can be used to recover from misalignment in human-AI interactions, and examine trends and inconsistencies within the field. Among the observations, we outline the importance of curating a human-aligned and cross-disciplinary perspective in this research, with consideration for improved system capabilities and long-term outcomes.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2412_15787
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle AI Apology: A Critical Review of Apology in AI Systems
Harland, Hadassah
Dazeley, Richard
Senaratne, Hashini
Vamplew, Peter
Cruz, Francisco
Nakisa, Bahareh
Computers and Society
Apologies are a powerful tool used in human-human interactions to provide affective support, regulate social processes, and exchange information following a trust violation. The emerging field of AI apology investigates the use of apologies by artificially intelligent systems, with recent research suggesting how this tool may provide similar value in human-machine interactions. Until recently, contributions to this area were sparse, and these works have yet to be synthesised into a cohesive body of knowledge. This article provides the first synthesis and critical analysis of the state of AI apology research, focusing on studies published between 2020 and 2023. We derive a framework of attributes to describe five core elements of apology: outcome, interaction, offence, recipient, and offender. With this framework as the basis for our critique, we show how apologies can be used to recover from misalignment in human-AI interactions, and examine trends and inconsistencies within the field. Among the observations, we outline the importance of curating a human-aligned and cross-disciplinary perspective in this research, with consideration for improved system capabilities and long-term outcomes.
title AI Apology: A Critical Review of Apology in AI Systems
topic Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.15787