Game-Theoretically Secure Distributed Protocols for Fair Allocation in Coalitional Games

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chan, T-H. Hubert, Kuang, Qipeng, Xue, Quan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866915080922202112
author Chan, T-H. Hubert
Kuang, Qipeng
Xue, Quan
author_facet Chan, T-H. Hubert
Kuang, Qipeng
Xue, Quan
contents We consider game-theoretically secure distributed protocols for coalition games that approximate the Shapley value with small multiplicative error. Since all known existing approximation algorithms for the Shapley value are randomized, it is a challenge to design efficient distributed protocols among mutually distrusted players when there is no central authority to generate unbiased randomness. The game-theoretic notion of maximin security has been proposed to offer guarantees to an honest player's reward even if all other players are susceptible to an adversary. Permutation sampling is often used in approximation algorithms for the Shapley value. A previous work in 1994 by Zlotkin et al. proposed a simple constant-round distributed permutation generation protocol based on commitment scheme, but it is vulnerable to rushing attacks. The protocol, however, can detect such attacks. In this work, we model the limited resources of an adversary by a violation budget that determines how many times it can perform such detectable attacks. Therefore, by repeating the number of permutation samples, an honest player's reward can be guaranteed to be close to its Shapley value. We explore both high probability and expected maximin security. We obtain an upper bound on the number of permutation samples for high probability maximin security, even with an unknown violation budget. Furthermore, we establish a matching lower bound for the weaker notion of expected maximin security in specific permutation generation protocols. We have also performed experiments on both synthetic and real data to empirically verify our results.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2412_19192
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Game-Theoretically Secure Distributed Protocols for Fair Allocation in Coalitional Games
Chan, T-H. Hubert
Kuang, Qipeng
Xue, Quan
Computer Science and Game Theory
Cryptography and Security
We consider game-theoretically secure distributed protocols for coalition games that approximate the Shapley value with small multiplicative error. Since all known existing approximation algorithms for the Shapley value are randomized, it is a challenge to design efficient distributed protocols among mutually distrusted players when there is no central authority to generate unbiased randomness. The game-theoretic notion of maximin security has been proposed to offer guarantees to an honest player's reward even if all other players are susceptible to an adversary. Permutation sampling is often used in approximation algorithms for the Shapley value. A previous work in 1994 by Zlotkin et al. proposed a simple constant-round distributed permutation generation protocol based on commitment scheme, but it is vulnerable to rushing attacks. The protocol, however, can detect such attacks. In this work, we model the limited resources of an adversary by a violation budget that determines how many times it can perform such detectable attacks. Therefore, by repeating the number of permutation samples, an honest player's reward can be guaranteed to be close to its Shapley value. We explore both high probability and expected maximin security. We obtain an upper bound on the number of permutation samples for high probability maximin security, even with an unknown violation budget. Furthermore, we establish a matching lower bound for the weaker notion of expected maximin security in specific permutation generation protocols. We have also performed experiments on both synthetic and real data to empirically verify our results.
title Game-Theoretically Secure Distributed Protocols for Fair Allocation in Coalitional Games
topic Computer Science and Game Theory
Cryptography and Security
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.19192