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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.00832 |
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| _version_ | 1866915087725363200 |
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| author | Zhou, Tao Pu, Jiangyang Wu, Xiaohua |
| author_facet | Zhou, Tao Pu, Jiangyang Wu, Xiaohua |
| contents | The separation of internal energy into heat and work in quantum thermodynamics is a controversial issue for a long time, and we revisit and solve this problem in this work. It is shown that the Hamiltonian plays dual roles for a quantum system, and by decomposing the interaction Hamiltonian between system and environment accordingly, an ``effective Hamiltonian" for an open quantum system can be proposed. The explicit expression of the effective Hamiltonian is obtained systematically, and as a consequence, the internal energy of an open quantum system can be well defined, leading to the reasonable definitions of work and heat for a general quantum process. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_00832 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Thermodynamic work and heat for a quantum process: Approach by Hamiltonian decomposition Zhou, Tao Pu, Jiangyang Wu, Xiaohua Quantum Physics The separation of internal energy into heat and work in quantum thermodynamics is a controversial issue for a long time, and we revisit and solve this problem in this work. It is shown that the Hamiltonian plays dual roles for a quantum system, and by decomposing the interaction Hamiltonian between system and environment accordingly, an ``effective Hamiltonian" for an open quantum system can be proposed. The explicit expression of the effective Hamiltonian is obtained systematically, and as a consequence, the internal energy of an open quantum system can be well defined, leading to the reasonable definitions of work and heat for a general quantum process. |
| title | Thermodynamic work and heat for a quantum process: Approach by Hamiltonian decomposition |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.00832 |