Elliptical stability of hopfions in bulk helimagnets
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arXiv
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866915312269524992 |
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| author | Metlov, Konstantin L. |
| author_facet | Metlov, Konstantin L. |
| contents | Magnetic hopfions are three-dimensional topological solitons with non-zero Hopf index ${\cal H}$ in the vector field of material's local magnetization. In this Letter elliptical stability of hopfions with ${\cal H}=1$ in a classical helimagnet is studied on the basis of a variational model. It is shown that, depending on their internal structure (vortex and antivortex tubes ordering), the hopfions can either be stable in a bulk magnet or unstable with respect to elongation along their central axis. It is found that the energy of stable hopfions is always below the energy of the $2π$-skyrmion lattice in the same material, suggesting the possibility to use $2π$-skyrmions as a precursor for hopfion nucleation. Stability diagram for hopfions on the magnetic anisotropy-field phase diagram is computed numerically. Explicit analytical expressions for some of its critical lines are derived. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_05290 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Elliptical stability of hopfions in bulk helimagnets Metlov, Konstantin L. Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Pattern Formation and Solitons Magnetic hopfions are three-dimensional topological solitons with non-zero Hopf index ${\cal H}$ in the vector field of material's local magnetization. In this Letter elliptical stability of hopfions with ${\cal H}=1$ in a classical helimagnet is studied on the basis of a variational model. It is shown that, depending on their internal structure (vortex and antivortex tubes ordering), the hopfions can either be stable in a bulk magnet or unstable with respect to elongation along their central axis. It is found that the energy of stable hopfions is always below the energy of the $2π$-skyrmion lattice in the same material, suggesting the possibility to use $2π$-skyrmions as a precursor for hopfion nucleation. Stability diagram for hopfions on the magnetic anisotropy-field phase diagram is computed numerically. Explicit analytical expressions for some of its critical lines are derived. |
| title | Elliptical stability of hopfions in bulk helimagnets |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Pattern Formation and Solitons |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.05290 |