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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.06338 |
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| _version_ | 1866914440949006336 |
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| author | Saslow, Wayne M. |
| author_facet | Saslow, Wayne M. |
| contents | Landau's excitation-based argument for superfluids -- that at temperature $T=0$ the normal fluid density $ρ_{n}$ is zero -- should also apply to supersolids. Further, for a total mass density $ρ$, Leggett argues that the superfluid fraction $ρ_{s}/ρ<1$. These arguments imply that there is a missing mass. We attribute this to a supersolid density $ρ_{L}$, with $ρ_{L}\equiv ρ-ρ_{s}-ρ_{n}$, and a momentum-bearing supersolid velocity $v_{Li}$. Using Onsager's irreversible thermodynamics we derive the macroscopic dynamical equations for this system. We find that $v_{Li}$ is subject to the force of elasticity, to the negative gradient of the chemical potential per mass $μ$ (as for the superfluid velocity $v_{si}$), and to drag against the normal fluid (leading to the interpretation of $L$ as lattice). Thus both the superfluid and supersolid components are associated with the ground state. The normal modes for such a system have a crossover in frequency, above which the normal fluid velocity $v_{ni}$ is an independent variable and below which it is locked to $v_{Li}$. For an isotropic lattice we study both the transverse response and longitudinal response. The ring geometry for atomic gas supersolid states may provide a geometry for testing these predictions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_06338 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Dynamics of Supersolid state: normal fluid, superfluid, and supersolid velocities Saslow, Wayne M. Quantum Gases Landau's excitation-based argument for superfluids -- that at temperature $T=0$ the normal fluid density $ρ_{n}$ is zero -- should also apply to supersolids. Further, for a total mass density $ρ$, Leggett argues that the superfluid fraction $ρ_{s}/ρ<1$. These arguments imply that there is a missing mass. We attribute this to a supersolid density $ρ_{L}$, with $ρ_{L}\equiv ρ-ρ_{s}-ρ_{n}$, and a momentum-bearing supersolid velocity $v_{Li}$. Using Onsager's irreversible thermodynamics we derive the macroscopic dynamical equations for this system. We find that $v_{Li}$ is subject to the force of elasticity, to the negative gradient of the chemical potential per mass $μ$ (as for the superfluid velocity $v_{si}$), and to drag against the normal fluid (leading to the interpretation of $L$ as lattice). Thus both the superfluid and supersolid components are associated with the ground state. The normal modes for such a system have a crossover in frequency, above which the normal fluid velocity $v_{ni}$ is an independent variable and below which it is locked to $v_{Li}$. For an isotropic lattice we study both the transverse response and longitudinal response. The ring geometry for atomic gas supersolid states may provide a geometry for testing these predictions. |
| title | Dynamics of Supersolid state: normal fluid, superfluid, and supersolid velocities |
| topic | Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.06338 |