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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.07979 |
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| _version_ | 1866908373816967168 |
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| author | Sun, Mengdi Shakeri, Ata Keshvari, Arvin Giannakopoulos, Dimitrios Wang, Qing Chen, Wei Ting Johnson, Steven G. Lin, Zin |
| author_facet | Sun, Mengdi Shakeri, Ata Keshvari, Arvin Giannakopoulos, Dimitrios Wang, Qing Chen, Wei Ting Johnson, Steven G. Lin, Zin |
| contents | We introduce a novel framework for design and optimization of 3D freeform metalenses that attains nearly linear scaling of computational cost with diameter, by breaking the lens into a sequence of radial "zones" with $n$-fold discrete axisymmetry, where $n$ increases with radius. This allows vastly more design freedom than imposing continuous axisymmetry, while avoiding the compromises of the locally periodic approximation (LPA) or scalar diffraction theory. Using a GPU-accelerated finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solver in cylindrical coordinates, we perform full-wave simulation and topology optimization within each supra-wavelength zone. We validate our approach by designing millimeter and centimeter-scale, poly-achromatic, 3D freeform metalenses which outperform the state of the art. By demonstrating the scalability and resulting optical performance enabled by our "zoned discrete axisymmetry" (ZDA) and supra-wavelength domain decomposition, we highlight the potential of our framework to advance large-scale meta-optics and next-generation photonic technologies. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_07979 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Scalable freeform optimization of wide-aperture 3D metalenses by zoned discrete axisymmetry Sun, Mengdi Shakeri, Ata Keshvari, Arvin Giannakopoulos, Dimitrios Wang, Qing Chen, Wei Ting Johnson, Steven G. Lin, Zin Optics Computational Physics We introduce a novel framework for design and optimization of 3D freeform metalenses that attains nearly linear scaling of computational cost with diameter, by breaking the lens into a sequence of radial "zones" with $n$-fold discrete axisymmetry, where $n$ increases with radius. This allows vastly more design freedom than imposing continuous axisymmetry, while avoiding the compromises of the locally periodic approximation (LPA) or scalar diffraction theory. Using a GPU-accelerated finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solver in cylindrical coordinates, we perform full-wave simulation and topology optimization within each supra-wavelength zone. We validate our approach by designing millimeter and centimeter-scale, poly-achromatic, 3D freeform metalenses which outperform the state of the art. By demonstrating the scalability and resulting optical performance enabled by our "zoned discrete axisymmetry" (ZDA) and supra-wavelength domain decomposition, we highlight the potential of our framework to advance large-scale meta-optics and next-generation photonic technologies. |
| title | Scalable freeform optimization of wide-aperture 3D metalenses by zoned discrete axisymmetry |
| topic | Optics Computational Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.07979 |