Self-interfering high harmonic beam arrays driven by Hermite-Gaussian beams
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866910907236352000 |
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| author | Schmidt, David D. Pablos-Marín, José Miguel Clarke, Cameron Barolak, Jonathan Westlake, Nathaniel Heras, Alba de las Serrano, Javier Shevtsov, Sergei Kazansky, Peter Adams, Daniel Hernández-García, Carlos Durfee, Charles G. |
| author_facet | Schmidt, David D. Pablos-Marín, José Miguel Clarke, Cameron Barolak, Jonathan Westlake, Nathaniel Heras, Alba de las Serrano, Javier Shevtsov, Sergei Kazansky, Peter Adams, Daniel Hernández-García, Carlos Durfee, Charles G. |
| contents | The use of structured light to drive highly nonlinear processes in matter not only enables imprinting spatially-resolved properties onto short-wavelength radiation, but also opens alternative avenues for exploring the dynamics of nonlinear laser-matter interactions. In this work, we experimentally and theoretically explore the unique properties of driving high-order harmonic generation (HHG) with Hermite-Gaussian beams. HHG driven by Laguerre-Gauss modes results in harmonics that inherit the azimuthal Laguerre-Gauss modal structure, with their topological charge scaling according to orbital angular momentum conservation. In contrast, when HHG is driven by Hermite-Gauss beams, the harmonic modes do not show a direct correspondence to the driving modal profile. Our experimental measurements using HG$_{0,1}$ and HG$_{1,1}$ modes, which are in excellent agreement with our numerical simulations, show that the lobes of the Hermite-Gauss driving beams effectively produce a set of separate phase-locked harmonic beamlets which can interfere downstream. This self-interference, which can be adjusted through the relative position between the gas target and the driving beam focus, can be exploited for precision extreme-ultraviolet interferometry. We demonstrate a simple application to calibrate the dispersion of an extreme-ultraviolet diffraction grating. In addition, we show through simulations that the array of harmonic beamlets can be used as an illumination source for single-shot extreme-ultraviolet ptychography. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_09507 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Self-interfering high harmonic beam arrays driven by Hermite-Gaussian beams Schmidt, David D. Pablos-Marín, José Miguel Clarke, Cameron Barolak, Jonathan Westlake, Nathaniel Heras, Alba de las Serrano, Javier Shevtsov, Sergei Kazansky, Peter Adams, Daniel Hernández-García, Carlos Durfee, Charles G. Optics The use of structured light to drive highly nonlinear processes in matter not only enables imprinting spatially-resolved properties onto short-wavelength radiation, but also opens alternative avenues for exploring the dynamics of nonlinear laser-matter interactions. In this work, we experimentally and theoretically explore the unique properties of driving high-order harmonic generation (HHG) with Hermite-Gaussian beams. HHG driven by Laguerre-Gauss modes results in harmonics that inherit the azimuthal Laguerre-Gauss modal structure, with their topological charge scaling according to orbital angular momentum conservation. In contrast, when HHG is driven by Hermite-Gauss beams, the harmonic modes do not show a direct correspondence to the driving modal profile. Our experimental measurements using HG$_{0,1}$ and HG$_{1,1}$ modes, which are in excellent agreement with our numerical simulations, show that the lobes of the Hermite-Gauss driving beams effectively produce a set of separate phase-locked harmonic beamlets which can interfere downstream. This self-interference, which can be adjusted through the relative position between the gas target and the driving beam focus, can be exploited for precision extreme-ultraviolet interferometry. We demonstrate a simple application to calibrate the dispersion of an extreme-ultraviolet diffraction grating. In addition, we show through simulations that the array of harmonic beamlets can be used as an illumination source for single-shot extreme-ultraviolet ptychography. |
| title | Self-interfering high harmonic beam arrays driven by Hermite-Gaussian beams |
| topic | Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09507 |