Quantum Diffie-Hellman key exchange
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866913653473673216 |
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| author | Nikolopoulos, Georgios M. |
| author_facet | Nikolopoulos, Georgios M. |
| contents | The Diffie-Hellman key exchange plays a crucial role in conventional cryptography, as it allows two legitimate users to establish a common, usually ephemeral, secret key. Its security relies on the discrete-logarithm problem, which is considered to be a mathematical one-way function, while the final key is formed by random independent actions of the two users. In the present work we investigate the extension of Diffie-Hellman key exchange to the quantum setting, where the two legitimate users exchange independent random quantum states. The proposed protocol relies on the bijective mapping of integers onto a set of symmetric coherent states, and we investigate the regime of parameters for which the map behaves as a quantum one-way function. Its security is analyzed in the framework of minimum-error-discrimination and photon-number-splitting attacks, while its performance and the challenges in a possible realization are also discussed. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_09568 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum Diffie-Hellman key exchange Nikolopoulos, Georgios M. Quantum Physics Cryptography and Security Optics The Diffie-Hellman key exchange plays a crucial role in conventional cryptography, as it allows two legitimate users to establish a common, usually ephemeral, secret key. Its security relies on the discrete-logarithm problem, which is considered to be a mathematical one-way function, while the final key is formed by random independent actions of the two users. In the present work we investigate the extension of Diffie-Hellman key exchange to the quantum setting, where the two legitimate users exchange independent random quantum states. The proposed protocol relies on the bijective mapping of integers onto a set of symmetric coherent states, and we investigate the regime of parameters for which the map behaves as a quantum one-way function. Its security is analyzed in the framework of minimum-error-discrimination and photon-number-splitting attacks, while its performance and the challenges in a possible realization are also discussed. |
| title | Quantum Diffie-Hellman key exchange |
| topic | Quantum Physics Cryptography and Security Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09568 |