11 New Transiting Brown Dwarfs and Very Low Mass Stars from TESS
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Vowell, Noah Rodriguez, Joseph E. Latham, David W. Quinn, Samuel N. Schulte, Jack Eastman, Jason D. Bieryla, Allyson Barkaoui, Khalid Ciardi, David R. Collins, Karen A. Girardin, Eric Heldridge, Ellie Kotten, Brooke Mancini, Luigi Murgas, Felipe Narita, Norio Radford, D. J. Relles, Howard M. Shporer, Avi Soares-Furtado, Melinda Strakhov, Ivan A. Ziegler, Carl Briceño, César Calkins, Michael L. Clark, Catherine A. Collins, Kevin I. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Fajardo-Acosta, Sergio B. Fukui, Akihiko Watkins, Cristilyn N. He, Ruixuan Horne, Keith Jenkins, Jon M. Mann, Andrew W. Naponiello, Luca Palle, Enric Schwarz, Richard P. Seager, S. Southworth, John Srdoc, Gregor Swift, Jonathan J. Winn, Joshua N. |
| author_facet | Vowell, Noah Rodriguez, Joseph E. Latham, David W. Quinn, Samuel N. Schulte, Jack Eastman, Jason D. Bieryla, Allyson Barkaoui, Khalid Ciardi, David R. Collins, Karen A. Girardin, Eric Heldridge, Ellie Kotten, Brooke Mancini, Luigi Murgas, Felipe Narita, Norio Radford, D. J. Relles, Howard M. Shporer, Avi Soares-Furtado, Melinda Strakhov, Ivan A. Ziegler, Carl Briceño, César Calkins, Michael L. Clark, Catherine A. Collins, Kevin I. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Fajardo-Acosta, Sergio B. Fukui, Akihiko Watkins, Cristilyn N. He, Ruixuan Horne, Keith Jenkins, Jon M. Mann, Andrew W. Naponiello, Luca Palle, Enric Schwarz, Richard P. Seager, S. Southworth, John Srdoc, Gregor Swift, Jonathan J. Winn, Joshua N. |
| contents | We present the discovery of 11 new transiting brown dwarfs and low-mass M-dwarfs from NASA's TESS mission: TOI-2844, TOI-3122, TOI-3577, TOI-3755, TOI-4462, TOI-4635, TOI-4737, TOI-4759, TOI-5240, TOI-5467, and TOI-5882. They consist of 5 brown dwarf companions and 6 very low mass stellar companions ranging in mass from $25 M_{\rm J}$ to $128 M_{\rm J}$. We used a combination of photometric time-series, spectroscopic, and high resolution imaging follow-up as a part of the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP) in order to characterize each system. With over 50 transiting brown dwarfs confirmed, we now have a large enough sample to directly test different formation and evolutionary scenarios. We provide a renewed perspective on the transiting brown dwarf desert and its role in differentiating between planetary and stellar formation mechanisms. Our analysis of the eccentricity distribution for the transiting brown dwarf sample does not support previous claims of a transition between planetary and stellar formation at $\sim42$ $M_{\rm J}$. We also contribute a first look into the metallicity distribution of transiting companions in the range $7 - 150$ $M_{\rm J}$, showing that this too does not support a $\sim42$ $M_{\rm J}$ transition. Finally, we also detect a significant lithium absorption feature in one of the brown dwarf hosts (TOI-5882) but determine that the host star is likely old based on rotation, kinematic, and photometric measurements. We therefore claim that TOI-5882 may be a candidate for planetary engulfment. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_09795 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | 11 New Transiting Brown Dwarfs and Very Low Mass Stars from TESS Vowell, Noah Rodriguez, Joseph E. Latham, David W. Quinn, Samuel N. Schulte, Jack Eastman, Jason D. Bieryla, Allyson Barkaoui, Khalid Ciardi, David R. Collins, Karen A. Girardin, Eric Heldridge, Ellie Kotten, Brooke Mancini, Luigi Murgas, Felipe Narita, Norio Radford, D. J. Relles, Howard M. Shporer, Avi Soares-Furtado, Melinda Strakhov, Ivan A. Ziegler, Carl Briceño, César Calkins, Michael L. Clark, Catherine A. Collins, Kevin I. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Fajardo-Acosta, Sergio B. Fukui, Akihiko Watkins, Cristilyn N. He, Ruixuan Horne, Keith Jenkins, Jon M. Mann, Andrew W. Naponiello, Luca Palle, Enric Schwarz, Richard P. Seager, S. Southworth, John Srdoc, Gregor Swift, Jonathan J. Winn, Joshua N. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics We present the discovery of 11 new transiting brown dwarfs and low-mass M-dwarfs from NASA's TESS mission: TOI-2844, TOI-3122, TOI-3577, TOI-3755, TOI-4462, TOI-4635, TOI-4737, TOI-4759, TOI-5240, TOI-5467, and TOI-5882. They consist of 5 brown dwarf companions and 6 very low mass stellar companions ranging in mass from $25 M_{\rm J}$ to $128 M_{\rm J}$. We used a combination of photometric time-series, spectroscopic, and high resolution imaging follow-up as a part of the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP) in order to characterize each system. With over 50 transiting brown dwarfs confirmed, we now have a large enough sample to directly test different formation and evolutionary scenarios. We provide a renewed perspective on the transiting brown dwarf desert and its role in differentiating between planetary and stellar formation mechanisms. Our analysis of the eccentricity distribution for the transiting brown dwarf sample does not support previous claims of a transition between planetary and stellar formation at $\sim42$ $M_{\rm J}$. We also contribute a first look into the metallicity distribution of transiting companions in the range $7 - 150$ $M_{\rm J}$, showing that this too does not support a $\sim42$ $M_{\rm J}$ transition. Finally, we also detect a significant lithium absorption feature in one of the brown dwarf hosts (TOI-5882) but determine that the host star is likely old based on rotation, kinematic, and photometric measurements. We therefore claim that TOI-5882 may be a candidate for planetary engulfment. |
| title | 11 New Transiting Brown Dwarfs and Very Low Mass Stars from TESS |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09795 |