MIDIS: Quantifying the AGN component of X-ray-detected galaxies
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arXiv
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| Formato: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Gillman, Steven Pye, John P. Alonso-Herrero, Almudena Ward, Martin J. Boogaard, Leindert Tikkanen, Tuomo V. Colina, Luis Östlin, G. Pérez-González, Pablo G. Costantin, Luca Iani, Edoardo Rinaldi, Pierluigi Álvarez-Márquez, Javier Bik, A. Bosman, Sarah E. I. Gómez, Alejandro Crespo Eckart, Andreas García-Marín, Macarena Greve, Thomas R. Hjorth, Jens Labiano, A. Langeroodi, Danial Melinder, J. Peißker, Florian Walter, Fabian Güdel, M. Henning, Thomas Lagage, P. -O. Ray, Thomas P. |
| author_facet | Gillman, Steven Pye, John P. Alonso-Herrero, Almudena Ward, Martin J. Boogaard, Leindert Tikkanen, Tuomo V. Colina, Luis Östlin, G. Pérez-González, Pablo G. Costantin, Luca Iani, Edoardo Rinaldi, Pierluigi Álvarez-Márquez, Javier Bik, A. Bosman, Sarah E. I. Gómez, Alejandro Crespo Eckart, Andreas García-Marín, Macarena Greve, Thomas R. Hjorth, Jens Labiano, A. Langeroodi, Danial Melinder, J. Peißker, Florian Walter, Fabian Güdel, M. Henning, Thomas Lagage, P. -O. Ray, Thomas P. |
| contents | We combine the deepest X-ray survey from the Chandra Deep Field-South (CDF-S) `7-Ms' survey with the deepest mid-infrared (5.6$ μm$) image from the JWST/MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS) in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (HUDF) to study the infrared counterparts and point-source emission of 31 X-ray sources with a median, intrinsic, rest-frame X-ray luminosity of $\log_{10}(L_{\rm Xc}^{\rm 0.5-7keV})$=42.04$\pm$0.22 erg $\rm s^{-1}$. The sample includes 24 AGN with a redshift range, as set by the X-ray detectability, of $z \simeq 0.5-3$. Through a multi-wavelength morphological decomposition, employing three separate classifications (visual, parametric and non-parametric) we separate (where present) the luminosity of the point-like AGN component from the remainder of the host-galaxy emission. The unprecedented mid-infrared sensitivity and imaging resolution of MIRI allows, in many cases, the direct characterisation of point-like (i.e. unresolved) components in the galaxies' emission. We establish a broad agreement between the three morphological classifications. At least 70% of the X-ray sources, including some classified as galaxies, show unresolved emission in the MIRI images, with the unresolved-to-total flux fraction at rest-frame 2$μm$ ranging from $\sim$0.2 to $\sim$0.9. At high X-ray luminosities ($\log_{10}(L_{\rm Xc}$)>43 erg $\rm s^{-1}$) we derive a consistent rest-frame near-infrared 2$ μm$ point-source luminosity to that derived for local AGN, whilst at lower X-ray luminosity we identify an excess in the 2$ μm$ emission compared to pre-JWST studies. We speculate this offset may be driven by a combination of Compton-thick AGN components and nuclear starburst, merger driven activity. Our observations highlight the complex nature of X-ray sources in the distant Universe and demonstrate the power of JWST/MIRI in quantifying their nuclear infrared emission. (Abridged) |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_11491 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | MIDIS: Quantifying the AGN component of X-ray-detected galaxies Gillman, Steven Pye, John P. Alonso-Herrero, Almudena Ward, Martin J. Boogaard, Leindert Tikkanen, Tuomo V. Colina, Luis Östlin, G. Pérez-González, Pablo G. Costantin, Luca Iani, Edoardo Rinaldi, Pierluigi Álvarez-Márquez, Javier Bik, A. Bosman, Sarah E. I. Gómez, Alejandro Crespo Eckart, Andreas García-Marín, Macarena Greve, Thomas R. Hjorth, Jens Labiano, A. Langeroodi, Danial Melinder, J. Peißker, Florian Walter, Fabian Güdel, M. Henning, Thomas Lagage, P. -O. Ray, Thomas P. Astrophysics of Galaxies We combine the deepest X-ray survey from the Chandra Deep Field-South (CDF-S) `7-Ms' survey with the deepest mid-infrared (5.6$ μm$) image from the JWST/MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS) in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (HUDF) to study the infrared counterparts and point-source emission of 31 X-ray sources with a median, intrinsic, rest-frame X-ray luminosity of $\log_{10}(L_{\rm Xc}^{\rm 0.5-7keV})$=42.04$\pm$0.22 erg $\rm s^{-1}$. The sample includes 24 AGN with a redshift range, as set by the X-ray detectability, of $z \simeq 0.5-3$. Through a multi-wavelength morphological decomposition, employing three separate classifications (visual, parametric and non-parametric) we separate (where present) the luminosity of the point-like AGN component from the remainder of the host-galaxy emission. The unprecedented mid-infrared sensitivity and imaging resolution of MIRI allows, in many cases, the direct characterisation of point-like (i.e. unresolved) components in the galaxies' emission. We establish a broad agreement between the three morphological classifications. At least 70% of the X-ray sources, including some classified as galaxies, show unresolved emission in the MIRI images, with the unresolved-to-total flux fraction at rest-frame 2$μm$ ranging from $\sim$0.2 to $\sim$0.9. At high X-ray luminosities ($\log_{10}(L_{\rm Xc}$)>43 erg $\rm s^{-1}$) we derive a consistent rest-frame near-infrared 2$ μm$ point-source luminosity to that derived for local AGN, whilst at lower X-ray luminosity we identify an excess in the 2$ μm$ emission compared to pre-JWST studies. We speculate this offset may be driven by a combination of Compton-thick AGN components and nuclear starburst, merger driven activity. Our observations highlight the complex nature of X-ray sources in the distant Universe and demonstrate the power of JWST/MIRI in quantifying their nuclear infrared emission. (Abridged) |
| title | MIDIS: Quantifying the AGN component of X-ray-detected galaxies |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11491 |