Microtubes and nanomembranes by ion-beam-induced exfoliation of $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Esteves, Duarte Magalhães He, Ru Bazioti, Calliope Magalhães, Sérgio Sequeira, Miguel Carvalho Santos, Luís Filipe Azarov, Alexander Kuznetsov, Andrej Djurabekova, Flyura Lorenz, Katharina Peres, Marco |
| author_facet | Esteves, Duarte Magalhães He, Ru Bazioti, Calliope Magalhães, Sérgio Sequeira, Miguel Carvalho Santos, Luís Filipe Azarov, Alexander Kuznetsov, Andrej Djurabekova, Flyura Lorenz, Katharina Peres, Marco |
| contents | This paper reports an innovative process to fabricate $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ microtubes and nanomembranes based on ion implantation in (100)-oriented single-crystals. We show that, under specific flux and fluence conditions, the irradiation-induced strain profile promotes the detachment and rolling-up of a thin surface layer, forming a microtube. The strain-disorder interplay was investigated in detail for Cr-implanted $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ with a range of complementary methods, showing an excellent agreement between experimental and simulation data, and suggesting an exfoliation mechanism that is correlated with the anisotropic nature of the $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ monoclinic system and its easy-cleavage planes. Moreover, these microtubes can be unrolled upon a subsequent annealing step, resulting in nanomembranes with bulk-like crystalline quality that can be transferred to other substrates. The recovery of the implantation-induced damage under thermal annealing has also been studied, showing a remarkable recovery at moderate temperatures (~500 °C). This observation underscores the potential of this method for the scalable production of nanomembranes with improved reproducibility compared to conventional mechanical exfoliation techniques. Importantly, such exfoliation can be done employing different ions, providing simultaneous $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ doping, chosen to control the structural, optical, magnetic and electrical properties of the nanomembranes, thus tailoring them to fit the desired applications. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_13055 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Microtubes and nanomembranes by ion-beam-induced exfoliation of $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ Esteves, Duarte Magalhães He, Ru Bazioti, Calliope Magalhães, Sérgio Sequeira, Miguel Carvalho Santos, Luís Filipe Azarov, Alexander Kuznetsov, Andrej Djurabekova, Flyura Lorenz, Katharina Peres, Marco Materials Science Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics This paper reports an innovative process to fabricate $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ microtubes and nanomembranes based on ion implantation in (100)-oriented single-crystals. We show that, under specific flux and fluence conditions, the irradiation-induced strain profile promotes the detachment and rolling-up of a thin surface layer, forming a microtube. The strain-disorder interplay was investigated in detail for Cr-implanted $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ with a range of complementary methods, showing an excellent agreement between experimental and simulation data, and suggesting an exfoliation mechanism that is correlated with the anisotropic nature of the $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ monoclinic system and its easy-cleavage planes. Moreover, these microtubes can be unrolled upon a subsequent annealing step, resulting in nanomembranes with bulk-like crystalline quality that can be transferred to other substrates. The recovery of the implantation-induced damage under thermal annealing has also been studied, showing a remarkable recovery at moderate temperatures (~500 °C). This observation underscores the potential of this method for the scalable production of nanomembranes with improved reproducibility compared to conventional mechanical exfoliation techniques. Importantly, such exfoliation can be done employing different ions, providing simultaneous $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ doping, chosen to control the structural, optical, magnetic and electrical properties of the nanomembranes, thus tailoring them to fit the desired applications. |
| title | Microtubes and nanomembranes by ion-beam-induced exfoliation of $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ |
| topic | Materials Science Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.13055 |