Learning in Conjectural Stackelberg Games

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Morri, Francesco, Cadre, Hélène Le, Brotcorne, Luce
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Morri, Francesco
Cadre, Hélène Le
Brotcorne, Luce
author_facet Morri, Francesco
Cadre, Hélène Le
Brotcorne, Luce
contents We extend the formalism of Conjectural Variations games to Stackelberg games involving multiple leaders and a single follower. To solve these nonconvex games, a common assumption is that the leaders compute their strategies having perfect knowledge of the follower's best response. However, in practice, the leaders may have little to no knowledge about the other players' reactions. To deal with this lack of knowledge, we assume that each leader can form conjectures about the other players' best responses, and update its strategy relying on these conjectures. Our contributions are twofold: (i) On the theoretical side, we introduce the concept of Conjectural Stackelberg Equilibrium -- keeping our formalism conjecture agnostic -- with Stackelberg Equilibrium being a refinement of it. (ii) On the algorithmic side, we introduce a two-stage algorithm with guarantees of convergence, which allows the leaders to first learn conjectures on a training data set, and then update their strategies. Theoretical results are illustrated numerically.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_13686
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Learning in Conjectural Stackelberg Games
Morri, Francesco
Cadre, Hélène Le
Brotcorne, Luce
Computer Science and Game Theory
Multiagent Systems
We extend the formalism of Conjectural Variations games to Stackelberg games involving multiple leaders and a single follower. To solve these nonconvex games, a common assumption is that the leaders compute their strategies having perfect knowledge of the follower's best response. However, in practice, the leaders may have little to no knowledge about the other players' reactions. To deal with this lack of knowledge, we assume that each leader can form conjectures about the other players' best responses, and update its strategy relying on these conjectures. Our contributions are twofold: (i) On the theoretical side, we introduce the concept of Conjectural Stackelberg Equilibrium -- keeping our formalism conjecture agnostic -- with Stackelberg Equilibrium being a refinement of it. (ii) On the algorithmic side, we introduce a two-stage algorithm with guarantees of convergence, which allows the leaders to first learn conjectures on a training data set, and then update their strategies. Theoretical results are illustrated numerically.
title Learning in Conjectural Stackelberg Games
topic Computer Science and Game Theory
Multiagent Systems
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.13686